Creation-The day and the night

The world of existence with all the vriety
and immensity in its creatures,is so regular
and rule governed that from the minute
microscopic beings to celestial planets and
globes all play their roles on the basis of
some orderly and predetermined principles in
this immense universe.The formation of day
and night is one of the arenas of the
incarnation of the rules governing the skies
and the Earth.The formation of day and night
seasons climatic changes and tens of other
natural phenomenon are all resulted from the
existing relationship and order.
The Earth has,in general,five kinds of
movement:

1- Rotation:is one revolution of the Earth
around its axis the Earth rotates around
itself in 23 hours,56 minutes and 4 seconds
( almost 24 hours ( and at 1667 km/h
( in equator (.Therefore,those who live in
equatorial areas move 1667 km/h in the space
and those who are in poles are not displaced
They turn about themselves instead.This
rotation,which is from left to right,is
infact the main cause of the formation of
day and night.On this basis the spots
located more on the right hand side,face
the Sun and light earlier,their clock time
is ahead too.For example japan which is more
eastern then Iran sees the Sun sooner the day
in japan also begins sooner.But America which
is more western than Iran,sees the Sun later
than Iran does,its day also begins later.
The speed of the rotation of some planets
is very slow.For instonce the days in Venus
are equal to 243 days on the Earth.Since the
speed of the rotation of the Earth is
constant we use it as a basis for measuring
time.It should be mentioned that because of
the Suns great distance from the Earth
( 150000000 km (.The light emitted from
the Sun gets to the Earth after 8 minutes.
2- Revolution: is the movement of the Earth
around the Sun.This movement takes place in
an oval like orbit whose radius is about
149.5 million km.and at 29.9 km/s.The
distance at which the Earth revolves around
the Sun is vital to all beings.at this
speed the Earth makes one revolution around
the Sun every 365 days and 6 hours.During
this time it travels 950000000 km.The Earth
declines 23 degrees and 27 minutes from the
line perpendicular to its rotation plane
( zodiac (.This very declination causes the
difference in the length of day and night an
also the formation seasons.

Since the axis of the Earth is oblique,it
northern and southern hemisphers face the Sun
alternately.The hemisphere which is facing
the Sun receives more light,its days are
longer and the light is more intense,because
the angle of the radiation of the light is
nearer to the perpendicular line and this
hemisphere is having Summer,while the other
one is having Winter.The Earth still retains
it inclination during Spring and Fall but
its indination is not towards the Sun and the
temperature in both hemispheres is moderate.
And it is because of this very fact that in
the northern hemisphere the last day of
khordad )the third month in lranian calendar,
Jun.21.( is the longest day of the year,and
the first night in Tir ) the fourth month in
Iranian calendar,Jun.22. ( is the shortest
night in the year.Also,the last day of Azar
(the ninth month in Iranian calender,Dec.12)
shortest day of the year and the first day
of Dey ) the tenth month in Iranian calendar,
Dec.22 ( is the longest night of the year.
In the north pole the Sun does not set from
the first of Farvardin ) the first monthin
Iranian calender,Mar.21. ( to the first of
Mehr ) the seventh month in the Iranian
calendar,September.23 ( ) six month day ),
and the Sun is not seen from the frist of
Mehr ) Sep.23 ( upto the first of Farvardin
( March.21 ( ) six months night (.These are
quite reverse in the South pole.
The religious times which are measuared with
regard to the sunrise and the sunset change
during the year because of this fact.For
example the time of Ezan,the noon to prayer,
(that is when the Sun reaches its peak height
in any point ( may change with regard to
the official times.In just four days the
religious Ezan coincides official times
( 26th of Farvardin,Apr.13,24th of Khordad.
jun.14,10th of Shahrivar,Sep.1 and 3rd of
Day,Dec.24 (If the axis of the Earth were not
oblique there would exist no seasons,and the
length of day and night during the whole year
would be equal.

3- Nutation : this movement takes place in
26000 years.

4- Moving along with other solar system
planets in the direction of Vega star at
19.5 km/s.

5- moving along with galaxies and their
billions of stars at 270 km/s.

The explanation of items 3,4 and 5 requires
specialized and scientific discussions which
this article does not intend to take up.