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The man-Death
Every living creature must sooner or later
die.It seems that among all animate beings
its the man who is solely conciously aware
of this fact.Eversince the beginning of the
creation,life and death have coexisted and
accompanied the melody of creation . The
history of man's reflection has also been
concerned with this subject.
Great thinkers have dealt with the subject
of death and life and the relationship
between the two from different and sometimes
opposing points of view . Some of thess
thinkers like Chung-Tse,a Chineese learned
man have,considered the coexistence of death
and life inherent in nature like day and
night.Some others have placed death against
life and belive that the conflict between
these two phenomena is the most fundamental
conflict in man . Some others like Molavi
( a great Iranian thinker and poet ( believe
that man's evolution would have been
impossible without death and absence of life.
Some other thinkers such as Ampedolex make
judgment and consider life as a positive and
existent entity and death as negative and
non-existent one. Or like Eric Ferum using
ethical evaluation contemplates that whatever
is for life is good an whatever is at death's
service is evil . Among pessimists ,some like
Freud with their scholarly outlook consider
the ultimate goal of the strive of organisms
to be the occurance of death. Some have been
so pessimistic that to place life , and not
death,against life , and like schopenhauer
believe that life is nothing more than
a battle against life ; a battle which
( in the end ( leads to death.
What is for sure is that death has a close
relationship with man's psychological
development and shaping.There is a two way
relationship between death and personality;
and as death affects one's personality
structure,the role of personality in the
quality of death and how one dies is
important.Death,just like life,resembles
us more than anything else.Man's personality
is like a mirror which reflects the truth
that how ways of life change into ways of
death.The moment death falls is itself of
basic significance in man's life This moment
is the time when the whole truth is seen
and the most general outlook of life is
formed;because life in its wholeness and
comperhensiveness reveals itself to the
eyes which are about to close.In fact it is
on verge of mortality that one can achieve
an apprehension of one's whole being.May be
it is because of this very close relationship
between man and death that the west witnessed
a resurrection in the issues and discussion
concerning death and mortality in the second
half of the twentieth century.
Thanatoloty or the study of death is a new
arena which reflects man's strive towards
gaining a knowledge about death and his
challenge with dying.This fact is seen in
the psychological literature of 1960 s.
Thanatology discusses such issues as death,
dying ,behaviors theratening life ,sorrow
bereavement,suicide,fatal disease,patients
about to die , and the problems of the
relatives of the departed person.Scientists
have considered death to have three
dimensions , in-personal death ) internal
experience about personal mortality ) ,
inter-personal death ) unpleasant experiencs
of losing someone very dear ( and
non-personal death ) the death of those which
does not incite any mourning or sorrow in the
person ).
From other aspect death has also been
believed to have three aspects :
1 - Sociological death ) separation between
the patient and important people in his / her
life (. 2 - Psychological death ) when the
patient accepts his / her own death );
3 - Physical death,which has two components,
biological and sociological ; in biological
death organisms lose their life as a part of
a human entity , like unrevertable comas of
a person whose heart or lungs are functioning
with the help of man-made machines.
In physiologic death the function of the
system of organs stops.
Some researchers believe that the process
of dying form from personal psychological
stages. One of the propositions suggested
includes the stages of denial ) denial of
disease ( , fury ) because of frustration
against death(,begging )by trying different
ways to delay death(,depression )as a result
of helplessness and a feeling of humiliation
against destiny (,and accepting death.
Yet no outhority has ever claimed to have
suggested a comprehensive definition and
explanation of death.Only Islam has presented
man with the most inclusive and comprehensive
definition and interpretation of the essence
of death and man's end , and interpreted the
narrow,dark and horrorful passageway of death
to be a bridge for leaving to the other world
