have resembled the Jewish creed.305 In another narration: O son of the Jewish woman, the Jewishness is mingled with you (with your blood). I shall build it at the forefront of the mosque, as to us belong the forefronts of the mosques, and I saw you and the way you took off your shoes! He said: I liked to conduct it with my foot! When he started to clean Bayt al-Maqdis from the sweeping which the Romans buried into it,306 he heard the takbir (God is Greater) from behind him, while he was averse to evil of dissimulation307 in everything. He said: What is this? They replied: Ka'b said God is Greater and people repeated after him. He (Umar) said: Bring him here. Ka'b said: O Amir al-Mu'minin, a prophet foretold of what you did today five hundred years ago!! He asked: How is that? He replied: The Romans attacked Banu Israel and buried it (Bayt al-Maqdis), till you were appointed a ruler, when Allah delegated a prophet over the sweepings who said: O Jerusalem, I have good tidings for you, al-Faruq has come to cleanse you of that which inside you.308 In another narration: Al-Faruq came to you with obedient soldiers, who will retaliate and take vengeance of your people upon the Romans... etc. Beside other similar superstitions that were fabricated by this impostor and liar. The rock remained uncovered during caliphate of Umar and Uthman when ruling over the Sham, and also caliphate of Ali though he didn't rule over it (Sham), continuing till the government of Mu'awiyah, his son and the son of his son. When Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan came to power, with that known sedition that occurred between him and Ibn al-Zubayr, it was him who built the dome over the rock,309 extolling the position of the rock through what he built and the garment he covered it in winter and summer. All this was aimed at encouraging larger number of people to make pilgrimage to Bayt al-Maqdis (Quds), and abandon their visit to Ibn al-Zubayr, since people usually follow religion of the kings. In this way, people started from that time to venerate and sublimate this rock to an extent unanticipated by Muslims, with some embarking on reporting Jewish fabricated traditions in its praise and high status. To cite an example for this, some have reported from Ka'b
305. Mudahat the Jewism is to resemble and be like it in taking the rock as qiblah, due to the resemblance it had in view of that believing it to be still a qiblah. 306. The Roman Christians have thrown these sweeping out of pertinacity against Jews who were attaching much importance to it and pray toward it (as qiblah). 307. The bad dissimulation an plety. 308. I have quoted this statement briefly from Tafsir al-Tabari, vol.IV, p.160 and following pages. 309. In regard of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan who built the rock, I cite here what Ibn al-Athir said in vol.IV, p.190 of hid book: Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan went on pilgrimage in 75 H., when he addressed people in al-Madinah saying: After all I am neither the oppressed caliph (i.e. Uthman), nor the sycophant caliph (meaning Mu'awiyah),nor the ma'fun caliph (meaning Yazid). I will never treat this Ummah but with the sword till make you submit to my will, and you learn by hearts the acts of the earlier immigrants, but never act like them. You bid us to God-fearing but forget about themselves. By God no one of you would bid to God-fearing after this incident, but I will behead him!
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