origin! That was due to the fact that every one of them used to copy as much as he could from patchments and scapula, wherever it be, from which he would add to what he collected before. From this it can be concluded that two or more expositions are found connected to each other with no traditions in between them.566 In Fath al-Bari (Vol. VII)567 he (Ibn Hajar) writes: Throughout the copies of al-Bukhari I have never come across any biography for Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, or Sa'd ibn Zayd who were among the ten (promised with paradise) though dedicating a special biography for Sa'id ibn Zayd in the beginning of al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah. I suppose this to be done freely by reporters of al-Bukhari's book, since he as previously referred to has left the book in a draft-like form, so in the names cited by him here neither preferability nor priority nor old age, the aspects of priority in ranking are considered. When none of these considerations being observed by him, it indicated that he had written each biography separately, the fact resulting in the narrators annexing some of them to each other at random. Al-Bukhari was the first to discern between the sahih tradition in his view and non-sahih one, so he selected for his book those traditions which he thought to be sahih (correct). Because tadwin (writing down) before his era was done as stated earlier through gathering the correct and incorrect traditions without any discernment, as this can be clearly seen in Musnad Ahmad and other Musnads, or by adding some things to the Messenger's traditions and the Companions' utterances and Followers' verdicts, as this can be found in Malik's Muwatta'. For all this, al-Bukhari's book (Sahih) was thought to be the first book compiled that containing sahih traditions. The traditionsts criticized him in a hundred and ten traditions, of which the reporting of thirty-two ones was concurringly agreed by Muslim, and seventy-eight ones were reported by him alone.568 Those for whom al-Bukhari not Muslim has reported alone were four hundred thirty plus men, among whom eighty ones569 charged him with weakness. Whereas the number of traditionists for whom Muslim alone
566. Ibid, vol.I, p.5. 567. Ibid, vol.VII, p.74. 568. Ibid, vol.II, p.81. 569. That was the number of rijal against whom people spoke ill, and from whom al-Bukhari, not Muslim, has reported. In regard of the rijal of al-Bukhari in whose authencity there was doubt, Ibn Hajar hass dedicated a separate chapter in his Muqaddimat Fath al-Bari, in which "he cited their names, and story of that vilification, with searching for its causes and knowing its factors," as thought by him. These names reached to about four hundred ones covering 65 pages from p.113 up to 176, to some of which I will refer under bab of their disagreement about jarh and ta'dil. (Muqaddimat Fath al-Bari, p.7 and vol. II, p.111; Duha al-Islam, vol.II, p.119.
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