Beowulf Cluster Computing with Linux, Second Edition [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

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Beowulf Cluster Computing with Linux, Second Edition [Electronic resources] - نسخه متنی

William Gropp; Ewing Lusk; Thomas Sterling

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Appendix A: Glossary of Terms



B-I



Beowulf-class system


commodity cluster employing personal computers or low-cost SMP servers to achieve excellent price-performance initially developed by the Beowulf project at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center




bit


the fundamental unit of information representing a two-state value; a digital circuit capable of storing a two-state value




BLAS


basic linear algebra subroutines




bps


bits per second, a unit measure of data transfer rate




byte


a commonly addressed quantity of digital information storage of eight bits reflecting one of 256 distinct values




cluster


in the general sense, any interconnected ensemble of computers capable of independent operation but employed to service a common workload




commodity cluster


a cluster of commercial computing nodes integrated with a commercial system area network




constellation


a cluster of large DSM, SMP, or MPP computing nodes incorporating more microprocessors per node than there are nodes in the system




COW


cluster of workstations; an early project at the University of Wisconsin




DSM


distributed shared memory multiprocessor, tightly coupled cache coherent multiprocessor with non-uniform memory access




EPIC


Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing




Ethernet


the first widely used and truly ubiquitous local area network operating at 10 Mbps




Fast Ethernet


a cost effective local area network based on the original Ethernet protocol that has become very popular with low end Beowulf-class systems; providing 100 Mbps




Gigabit Ethernet


a LAN that is the successor of Fast Ethernet providing peak bandwidth of 1 Gbps.




GNU


a project resulting in a number of open source and free software tools including the GNU C compiler and Emacs




GPL


GNU Public License; a legal framework protecting open source software




HDF


Hierarchical data format, both a file format and high level interface for I/O access in both sequential and parallel applications




HPL


High Performance Linpack




Infiniband


a system-area network designed to provide high performance and to provide a path for rapid improvement in network bandwidth.




ISA


Instruction Set Architecture




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