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Commentary of Furāt Al-Kūfī
(Tafsīr-e Furāt Al-Kūfī)
This book is
written by Abul-Qāsim, Furāt son of Ibrāhim son of Furāt Kūfī, one of the
dignitaries of Ghaybat-e Sughrā
era (minor occultation of the Imām Mahdī, may Allah hasten his reappearance).
It is one of the first four hundred principles' of
Shi'a (Usūl-e Arba'a-Mi'ah), and is accounted as one of the primary reference
books of narrations (Rawāyat).
It is also one of the oldest exegeses on the holy
Qur'ān, and its text is a collection of narrations, which the author has
narrated from infallible Imāms (A'immah A.S.).
Tafsīr-e Al-Furāt is a spiritual treasury of
gnosis, Qur'ānic sciences, historical and social events, which are often about
the dignity of Ahl-ul-Bayt Ismat wa Tahārat (saint and immaculate household of
the holy prophet of Islam A.S.).
Style of
writing:
In this Tafsīr, the author
has narrated many narrations from reliable and fundamental sources and other
narration books concurrent with the era of the infallible Imāms (A.S.) along
with different documentations from different Islamic groups of Shi'a as,
Zaidiyyah, Wāqefiyyah, and different groups of Ahl-e Tasannun (Sunnites).
He has not only narrated from the holy prophet of
Islām and his household (A.S.), but also refers to sayings of their disciples,
dependants, and some other scientific figures of that time.
Reliability
of this Tafsīr:
Whole sayings and narrations
of A'immah (A.S.), which have been transcribed by their companions, are called
principles' (Asl).
According to Ulamā and Fuqahā of Shi'a, more than
four hundred principles' have reached the Fuqahā (Jurisprudents) of Shi'a, as:
Sheikh-e Kuleini, Sheikh-e Sadūq, Sheikh-e Mufīd, and Sheikh-e Tūsī, and all of
our books of narrations are compiled according to these principles; but
unfortunately, at the present, most of these principles are not available. We
have only received some parts of them, such as this Tafsīr, which is remaining
for the time being.
After Ibn-e Bābiwayh and Sheikh-e Sadūq, up to the
time of Allāmah Majlesi, this Tafsīr not so often was referred to by Shi'a
interpreters. Allāmah used it as one of the main sources of Bihār-ul Anwār.
This negligence towards this Tafsīr was perhaps
because of the ideology, which the book follows, and caused Shi'a Ulamā not to
pay so much attention to it.
There is a narration in this Tafsīr from Zaid,
which cites that infallible Imāms are only five, and there is no narration in
this book evidencing that they are twelve.
On the other hand, because of narrating numerous
narrations from the Ahl-ul- Bayt (A.S.), Sunnites do not pay attention to it.
Sayings of
Ulamā:
Allamah Majlesī,
cites: "narrations of this book are compatible with the reliable narrations,
which we have received from the great old companions of the holy prophet (S.A.).
Considerable notice have been made in its narrations; this makes the book and
its author more reliable".
Author
of the book Tanqīh-ul Maqāl',cites:
Since great figures as, Ibn-e Bābiwayh and
Sheikh-e Sadūq frequently narrate from this book, it could be a good reason for
the confidence those two dignitaries had on this Tafsīr.
Ulamā who
have narrated from this Tafsīr:
Many great Ulamā of Shi'a had
the utmost confidence on this book, and some of them are as follows:
1-
Ibn-e Bābiwayh (Sheikh-e Sadūq's Father).
2-
Sheikh-e Sadūq.
3-
Sayyid Radhiuddīn Ali Ibn-e Tāwūs.
4-
Allāmah Bahrāni.
5-
Allāmah Abul-Hasan Sharīf, in his book
(Mishkāt-ul-Anwār).
6-
Allāmah Afandī (Author of Rīadh-ul Ulamā).
7-
Allāmah Khānsārī (Author of Rawdhā-tul-jinān).
8-
Sheikh Hurr-e Āmilī.
9-
Allāmah Majlisī.
10- Muhaddith-e
Nūrī
and
Copies of the book:
1-
There is a copy in the library of Borūjerdi Hawzah
(seminary) in Najaf Ashraf. Date of transcription of this copy goes back to 1276
hegira. It is inscribed by knowledgeable man, Sheikh Ahmad son of Sheikh Hasan
Qaftān Sa'dī Najafi.
2-
A copy is available in Āstān-e Quds-e Radhawi (in
Mash'had).
3-
A copy is available in Malik Library in Tehran.
Its date of transcription goes back to 909 Hegira. It is inscribed by Nabī
Muhammad son of Ali son of Bahman
