HTML.and.XHTML.The.Complete.Reference.4th.Edition [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Color Names and Numerical Equivalents

Table E-3 lists all the color names commonly supported by the major browsers (Netscape 3.0 and better through Netscape 7, Internet Explorer 3.0 and better, Opera 6 and better). The HTML specification defines 16 named colors: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow. (Out of these colors, only seven are considered safe in the reproduction sense discussed previously.) Many other color names have been introduced by the browser vendors-particularly Netscape-and are fairly commonly used. Color names are easier to remember than numerical codes, but might cause trouble when viewed under old or uncommon browsers. It is advisable to stick with the hexadecimal approach to colors, as it is generally safer. The corresponding hexadecimal code is shown next to each color name shown in Table E-3, and generally is interchangeable with the corresponding name. Thus, the code <body bgcolor="lightsteelblue"> would produce the same result as <body bgcolor="#b0c4de"> under any browser that supported these color names. Identical colors might be reproducible with different names. For example, "magenta" and "fuchsia" are both equivalent to #FF00FF. Regardless of named color support, keep in mind that not all numeric values are completely browser safe either. Although these names and numbers probably won't be an issue for users with high-resolution monitors and higher degrees of color support, don't forget that these users are not the only people on the Web. Browser-safe colors in Table E-3 appear in bold; RGB equivalents are also included.

Note

While earlier versions of the Opera browser had highly inconsistent support of color names, more recent releases (Opera 6 and Opera 7) are greatly improved. Color names now display the same as their numerical equivalents in the newer Opera browsers, with the single exception of navyblue. This color name displays the same as navy in the Opera browsers. The color name navyblue is also problematic in Netscape's browser versions 6 and 7, which display it as black.

Table E-3: Color Names and Their Numerical Equivalents
Hexadecimal Code	Name	RGB Equivalent	Notes
#F0F8FF	aliceblue	240,248,255	The name 'aliceblue' is not supported by versions of Netscape prior to version 4.0.
#FAEBD7	antiquewhite	250,235,215
#00FFFF	aqua	0,255,255
#7FFFD4	aquamarine	127,255,212
#F0FFFF	azure	240,255,255
#F5F5DC	beige	245,245,220
#FFE4C4	bisque	255,228,196
#000000	black	0,0,0
#FFEBCD	blanchedalmond	255,235,205
#0000FF	blue	0, 0,255
#8A2BE2	blueviolet	138, 43,226
#A52A2A	brown	165, 42, 42
#DEB887	burlywood	222,184,135
#5F9EA0	cadetblue	95,158,160
#7FFF00	chartreuse	127,255, 0
#D2691E	chocolate	210,105, 30
#FF7F50	coral	255,127, 80
#6495ED	cornflowerblue	100,149,237
#FFF8DC	cornsilk	255,248,220
#DC143C	crimson	220,20,60
#00FFFF	cyan	0,255,255
#00008B	darkblue	0,0,139
#008B8B	darkcyan	0,139,139
#B8860B	darkgoldenrod	184,134, 11
#A9A9A9	darkgray	169,169,169
#006400	darkgreen	0,100, 0
#BDB76B	darkkhaki	189,183,107
#8B008B	darkmagenta	139, 0,139
#556B2F	darkolivegreen	85,107, 47
#FF8C00	darkorange	255,140, 0
#9932CC	darkorchid	153, 50,204
#8B0000	darkred	139, 0, 0
#E9967A	darksalmon	233,150,122
#8FBC8F	darkseagreen	143,188,143
#483D8B	darkslateblue	72, 61,139
#2F4F4F	darkslategray	47, 79, 79
#00CED1	darkturquoise	0,206,209
#9400D3	darkviolet	148, 0,211
#FF1493	deeppink	255, 20,147
#00BFFF	deepskyblue	0,191,255
#696969	dimgray	105,105,105
#1E90FF	dodgerblue	30,144,255
#B22222	firebrick	178, 34, 34
#FFFAF0	floralwhite	255,250,240
#228B22	forestgreen	34,139, 34
#FF00FF	fuchsia	255,0,255
#DCDCDC	gainsboro	220,220,220
#F8F8FF	ghostwhite	248,248,255
#FFD700	gold	255,215, 0
#DAA520	goldenrod	218,165, 32
#808080	gray	127,127,127
#008000	green	0,128,0
#ADFF2F	greenyellow	173,255, 47
#F0FFF0	honeydew	240,255,240
#FF69B4	hotpink	255,105,180
#CD5C5C	indianred	205, 92, 92
#4B0082	indigo	75,0,130
#FFFFF0	ivory	255,255,240
#F0E68C	khaki	240,230,140
#E6E6FA	lavender	230,230,250
#FFF0F5	lavenderblush	255,240,245
#7CFC00	lawngreen	124,252, 0
#FFFACD	lemonchiffon	255,250,205
#ADD8E6	lightblue	173,216,230
#F08080	lightcoral	240,128,128
#E0FFFF	lightcyan	224,255,255
#FAFAD2	lightgoldenrodyellow	250,250,210
#90EE90	lightgreen	144,238,144
#D3D3D3	lightgrey	211,211,211
#FFB6C1	lightpink	255,182,193
#FFA07A	lightsalmon	255,160,122
#20B2AA	lightseagreen	32,178,170
#87CEFA	lightskyblue	135,206,250
#778899	lightslategray	119,136,153
#B0C4DE	lightsteelblue	176,196,222
#FFFFE0	lightyellow	255,255,224
#00FF00	lime	0,255,0
#32CD32	limegreen	50,205, 50
#FAF0E6	linen	250,240,230
#FF00FF	magenta	255, 0,255
#800000	maroon	128,0,0
#66CDAA	mediumaquamarine	102,205,170
#0000CD	mediumblue	0,0,205
#BA55D3	mediumorchid	186, 85,211
#9370DB	mediumpurple	147,112,219
#3CB371	mediumseagreen	60,179,113
#7B68EE	mediumslateblue	123,104,238
#00FA9A	mediumspringgreen	0,250,154
#48D1CC	mediumturquoise	72,209,204
#C71585	mediumvioletred	199, 21,133
#191970	midnightblue	25, 25,112
#F5FFFA	mintcream	245,255,250
#FFE4E1	mistyrose	255,228,225
#FFE4B5	moccasin	255,228,181
#FFDEAD	navajowhite	255,222,173
#000080	navy	0, 0,128
#9FAFDF	navyblue	159,175,223
#FDF5E6	oldlace	253,245,230
#808000	olive	128,128,0
#6B8E23	olivedrab	107,142, 35
#FFA500	orange	255,165, 0
#FF4500	orangered	255, 69, 0
#DA70D6	orchid	218,112,214
#EEE8AA	palegoldenrod	238,232,170
#98FB98	palegreen	152,251,152
#AFEEEE	paleturquoise	175,238,238
#DB7093	palevioletred	219,112,147
#FFEFD5	papayawhip	255,239,213
#FFDAB9	peachpuff	255,218,185
#CD853F	peru	205,133, 63
#FFC0CB	pink	255,192,203
#DDA0DD	plum	221,160,221
#B0E0E6	powderblue	176,224,230
#800080	purple	128,0,128
#FF0000	red	255, 0, 0
#BC8F8F	rosybrown	188,143,143
#4169E1	royalblue	65,105,225
#8B4513	saddlebrown	139,69,19
#FA8072	salmon	250,128,114
#F4A460	sandybrown	244,164, 96
#2E8B57	seagreen	46,139, 87
#FFF5EE	seashell	255,245,238
#A0522D	sienna	160, 82, 45
#C0C0C0	silver	192,192,192
#87CEEB	skyblue	135,206,235
#6A5ACD	slateblue	106, 90,205
#708090	slategray	112,128,144
#FFFAFA	snow	255,250,250
#00FF7F	springgreen	0,255,127
#4682B4	steelblue	70,130,180
#D2B48C	tan	210,180,140
#008080	teal	0,128,128
#D8BFD8	thistle	216,191,216
#FF6347	tomato	255, 99, 71
#40E0D0	turquoise	64,224,208
#EE82EE	violet	238,130,238
#F5DEB3	wheat	245,222,179
#FFFFFF	white	255,255,255
#F5F5F5	whitesmoke	245,245,245
#FFFF00	yellow	255,255, 0
#9ACD32	yellowgreen	139,205,50

Many online color references claim that further color variations can be introduced by adding the numbers 1 through 4 to color names. If this were correct, cadetblue1, cadetblue2, cadetblue3, and cadetblue4 would display as different shades of the same color, with 1 being the lightest and 4 the darkest. Opera still partially supports this concept, but given the complete lack of support by the major browsers, there seems little sense in using this approach.

Some online color references also claim that gray supports up to 100 color variations (gray10, gray50, gray90, and so forth). Testing reveals that this does not work under Netscape or Internet Explorer. Opera supports this concept by displaying lighter grays for higher numerical values.

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Color Names and Numerical Equivalents