Inside Windows Server 1002003 [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Backup and Restore Operations

This section gives step-by-step procedures for performing interactive backups, scheduling backups, and restoring files.

Performing an Interactive Backup

You can run backup jobs interactively from the Ntbackup window or you can schedule them to run in the background. Unlike NT, you can use Ntbackup to both configure and schedule backup jobs. The steps in this section assume that you have a blank tape. If the tape already has backup files on it, you'll be prompted in several places to confirm overwriting the tape name and its contents and whether you want to import the tape into the RSM Free media pool.

The steps in Procedure 21.3 describe how to configure and run an interactive backup job using the Advanced view of Ntbackup.

Procedure 21.3 Performing an Interactive Backup

1. Start Ntbackup using S

   TART | P

   ROGRAMS | A

   CCESSORIES | S

   YSTEM T

   OOLS | B

   ACKUP . Shift to Advanced mode if prompted with the Wizard window.

2. Select the Backup tab. Figure 21.11 shows an example. Select the drives and/or folders you want to include in the backup job. You can use My Network Places to select shared folders on other servers, as well.

   Figure 21.11. Backup window showing file and folder selections.

   

3. From the N

   TBACKUP menu, select T

   OOLS | O

   PTIONS . The Options window opens. Select the Backup Type tab. Select a Default Backup Type for the job.

4. Select the Backup Log tab. Under Information, select either Detailed or Summary. The Summary option is selected by default.

5. Click OK to save your configuration and return to the main Backup window.

6. Under Backup Destination, select the tape backup unit.

7. Under Backup Media or File Name, select New. This tells Ntbackup to take the blank tape from the Free media pool in RSM.

8. Click Start Backup. The Backup Job Information window opens (see Figure 21.12). The field labeled If The Media Is Overwritten... is very important. It determines the name applied to the tape when it is overwritten.

   Figure 21.12. Backup Job Information window showing default entries for Backup Description and media labeling.

   

9. Click Advanced. The Advanced Backup Options window opens (see Figure 21.13).

   Figure 21.13. Advanced Backup Options window showing default backup options.

   

10. Select the Verify Data After Backup option and the If Possible, Compress the Backup Data to Save Space options and then click OK to save the settings and return to the Backup Job Information window.

11. Click Start Backup. If there is media in the Free pool but it has not been prepared with a Free media label, RSM gives you an informational message and prompts you to confirm the tape overwrite.

12. After the backup job commences, the Backup Progress window opens and the files begin to flow to the tape. If you cancel out of the job, Ntbackup prompts you to complete backing up the current file. You have the option of bypassing this and canceling the job immediately.

13. When the backup has completed, the Backup Progress window informs you of the status. Click Report to open Notepad and view the backup log. Here is an example log for a job that backed up one file:

    
    Backup Status
    Operation: Backup
    Active backup destination: 4mm DDS
    Media name: "New"
    Backup of "C: "
    Backup set #1 on media #1
    Backup description: "Monday"
    Backup Type: Normal
    Backup started on 2/27/2002 at 10:22 AM.
    Folder C:Backup completed on 2/27/2002 at 10:46 AM.
    Directories: 38
    Files: 239
    Bytes: 1,208,708
    Time:   45 seconds
    

At the completion of the backup, you can close the Backup Progress window. Be sure to label the tape and store it safely.

Scheduling a Backup Job

After you have verified (using an interactive job) that your backup system is working, you can schedule jobs to run in the evening. Be sure to coordinate backups around your virus scans. You can configure and schedule a job from within Ntbackup as described in Procedure 21.4.

Procedure 21.4 Configuring and Scheduling a Backup Job

1. In Ntbackup, select the Schedule Jobs tab. This displays a calendar.

2. Double-click the day you want to start the job. This launches the Backup Wizard. (You have to use the wizard for this configuration.)

3. Click Next. The Items to Back Up window opens. Select the drives you want to include in the backup job. Be sure to select System State as one of your options.

4. Click Next. The Backup Type, Destination, and Name window opens. Select the tape drive and a tape name that the job will look for.

5. Click Next. The Type of Backup window opens. Select a Normal backup type. You can use this procedure to create differential or incremental jobs as a follow-on to this normal job.

6. Click Next. The How to Back Up window opens. Select the Verify Data After Backup and Use Hardware Compression options.

7. Click Next. The Backup Options window opens. The Replace Existing Backups option is selected by default for normal backups. As an additional security precaution, you can select the Allow The Owner... option.

8. Click Next. The Backup Label window opens. Enter the name that the job will apply to the tape under Media Label. Enter the name you want displayed in the catalog under Backup Label.

9. Click Next. The When to Back Up window opens. Select the Later radio button and enter a job name then click Set Schedule. The Schedule Job window opens.

10. Use the Schedule Task option to select a repetition option such as Daily or Weekly then select a Start Time.

11. Click OK to return to the main wizard then click Next to open the Set Account Information window. Enter the credentials of the account you've created to run backups.

12. Click OK to save the credentials. A summary window opens. Click Finish to save the changes as a scheduled task. The job icon will appear in the calendar on each day it is scheduled to run.

All you need to do now is make sure you have the right tapes in the drive depending on how you configured the job. The next section covers performing this same task using the Backup Wizard.

[View full width]
C:\Windows\system32\ntbackup.exe backup "@C:\Documents and 
Settings\Administrator\Local Settings\Application Data\MicrosoftWindows NT\NTBackup\data\Monday.bks" /n "Monday" /d "Monday" /v:
yes /r:no /rs:no /hc:on /m normal /j:"Monday Backup" /p "4mm 
DDS"

Restoring Files

TheAutomated System Recovery (ASR)" earlier in this chapter.

When you configure a Restore job, you'll be given the following three choices for placing the restored files:

• Original Location.
  If you select this option, Restore puts the files in the same directory that they came from. If the directory structure is no longer present, it is recreated. This option is most appropriate for restoring entire volumes. Under normal circumstances, you do not want to restore individual user files back to their original location because the user may have placed changes in the target file that is currently on disk and you don't want to overwrite them.




• Alternate Location.
  This option brings up a path field and Browse button. Use these to find a folder to hold the restored files. This writes the original directory structure to the target folder. This option is most appropriate for restoring an entire subtree rather than an individual file.




• Single Folder.
  This option also brings up a path and Browse button. Use these to find a folder to hold the restored files. This does not preserve the original directory structure. This option is most appropriate when restoring individual files. If you elect to restore an entire directory using the Single Folder option, the files are plucked out of the directory and put at the root of the specified folder.

During the configuration, you will also be asked to set the security option for the restored files. The options are as follows:

• Restore Security.
  This option applies the original permissions to the newly restored files. This is the default selection and the one most appropriate for the majority of file restores. If you have a situation where the original security descriptors are no longer validyou may be restoring data after reinstalling the operating systemor you want to scrub the old descriptors and replace them with the defaults in the restoration folder, deselect this option.




• Restore Removable Storage Database.
  Use this option to restore the media settings in the Removable Storage database along with the data.




• Restore Junction Points, Not The Folders And File Data They Reference.
  This option permits you to restore one volume without reaching through a mount point to the files in another file system. If you are not sure if a particular volume has mount points, select this option just to be on the safe side. You can restore the mounted volume separately, if necessary.




• When Restoring Replicated Data Sets[el].
  This option is used when restoring files to a volume that is replicated using the File Replication System. This option is only available when restoring System State files. By selecting this option, the timestamps and date stamps on the replicated files are made current so they become the files that will propagate outward to other server holding a replica of the volume.

When you are ready to restore a file, use the steps in Procedure 21.5.

Procedure 21.5 Restoring a File Manually Using Ntbackup

1. Insert the tape that contains the files you want to restore into the tape device. It can take up to a minute for the Removable Storage Management system to make the tape available to Ntbackup.

2. Launch Ntbackup.

3. Select the Restore and Manage Media tab and highlight the tape device icon (see Figure 21.14).

   Figure 21.14. Ntbackup window showing Restore and Manage Media tab.

   

4. In the right pane, look for the catalog entry with a Media Location that indicates it is mounted. The other catalog entries will show Offline.

5. Select the files or folder you want to restore.

6. Under Restore Files To, select one of the three location options.

7. Click Start Restore. In the Confirm Restore window, click Advanced. The Advanced Restore Options window opens (see Figure 21.15).

   Figure 21.15. Advanced Restore Options window showing default options.

   

8. Select the appropriate security, junction point, and mount point options. Click OK to return to the Confirm Restore window.

9. Click OK to begin the restore job. The Restore Progress window keeps you apprised of the job status and tells you when it is complete.

10. When the restore has finished, close the Restore Progress window.

Check the report to confirm that there were no problems noted during the restore, and then put the user's file back where it belongs.

Cataloging a Tape

When Ntbackup writes a backup file to tape, it includes a copy of the catalog entry for that job. If you have a tape that contains backup files but no on-disk catalog, you can restore the catalog from tape then restore the files on the tape using the restored catalog (see Procedure 21.6).

Procedure 21.6 Cataloging a Tape

1. Insert the tape in the tape drive and wait about a minute for RSM to mount it and read the label.

2. Launch Ntbackup and select the Restore and Manage Media tab.

3. In the right pane, look for the catalog entry with a Media Location that indicates it is mounted. The other catalog entries will show Offline.

4. Right-click the media name in the right pane and select C

   ATALOG from the flyout menu.

5. When the tape has finished cataloging, the structure will be added to the catalog entries in the tree under the tape device in the left pane.

You