لطفا منتظر باشید ...
Index
L
Lab color model, 167, 174–176
Lab images, 195, 201–203, 567, 879
Lab mode, 296, 503, 574
labelsprinting, 960
tools or palette options, 57
Large Document Format (PSB) format, 62, 120
Large List command, 36
laser printers, 948
lasso tool, 26, 365, 370, 382, 387, 390
Last Preference Panel (Ctrl+Alt+K (z -Option-K)) keyboard shortcut, 55
last-saved state, 345
Layer Add Layer Mask Hide All command, 684
Layer Add Layer Mask Hide Selection command, 684
Layer Add Layer Mask Reveal All command, 455, 683
Layer Add Layer Mask Reveal Selection command, 684
Layer Add Vector Mask Current Path command, 781
Layer Add Vector Mask Hide All command, 778
Layer Align Linked submenu, 671, 672
Layer Align To Selection submenu, 672
Layer Arrange Bring Forward command, 649
Layer Arrange Send to Back command, 649
Layer Arrange commands, 778
Layer Change Layer Content Gradient command, 779
Layer Change Layer Content Pattern command, 779
Layer Change Layer Content submenu, 780, 939
Layer Create Clipping Mask command, 686
Layer Create Clipping Mask From Linked command, 686
Layer Distribute Linked submenu, 671
Layer Duplicate Layer command, 641
Layer Flatten Image command, 123
Layer Free Transform command, 56
Layer Layer Style Bevel and Emboss command, 814
Layer Layer Style Blending Options command, 653
Layer Layer Style Copy Layer Style command, 806
Layer Layer Style Create Layers command, 807
Layer Layer Style Drop Shadow command, 648, 657
Layer Layer Style Global Light command, 795
Layer Layer Style Hide All Effects command, 802
Layer Layer Style Stroke command, 304
Layer Matting Defringe command, 651
Layer Matting submenu, 651
Layer Merge Down command, 654, 655
Layer Merge Visible command, 655
Layer New Background From Layer command, 648, 649
Layer New Layer command, 639
Layer New Layer From Background command, 649
Layer New Layer Via Copy command, 639
Layer New Layer Via Cut command, 639
Layer New Adjustment Layer command, 936
Layer Rasterize Fill Content command, 780, 781
Layer Rasterize Type command, 813
Layer Release Clipping Mask command, 686
Layer Remove Layer Mask command, 685
Layer Transform submenu, 56
Layer Type Convert to Paragraph Text command, 821
Layer Type Convert to Point Text command, 821
Layer Type Convert to Shape command, 813, 846
Layer Type Create Work Path command, 813
Layer Type Horizontal command, 820
Layer Type Vertical command, 820
Layer Type Warp Text command, 845
layer comps, 9, 635, 688–691
Layer Comps palette, 9, 688–691
Layer Down (Ctrl+[ (z -[)) keyboard shortcut, 650
layer effects, 635, 698, 771, 783
advantages, 791–792
angle of, 794–795
applying, 784
Bevel and Emboss effect, 787
blend modes, 807–808
Color effect, 790
combining, 792
copying between layers, 792
correcting, 737–739
deleting, 802
direction-dependent, 795
disabling, 802
distance from edge of layer, 795
Drop Shadow effect, 784
duplicating, 806–807
ease of use, 792
editable text, 792
editing, 779
Emboss effect, 787
expanding or contracting beginning point, 795
exterior effects, 732
filling entire image window, 736
Gradient effect, 790
how far expanding or contracting, 796
Inner Bevel effect, 787
Inner Glow effect, 784
Inner Shadow effect, 784
interior effects, 732
knockouts, 740
layers, 792
Outer Glow effect, 784
Pattern Overlay effect, 790
Pillow Emboss effect, 787
printing as vector output, 792
rate of fading, 796
Satin effect, 789
saving as layer styles, 808–809
saving groups of, 792
shadows, 795
shape layers, 792
softening corners, 796
sticking to layer, 791
Stroke effect, 787, 791
switching between, 791
temporary, 791
translucent, 794
type, 814
Layer Mask Display Options dialog box, 938
layer masks, 455, 682, 758
active, 683
adding to layer set, 685
adding to shape layer, 781
adjustment layers, 937, 939
automatically converting selections to, 684
automatically creating, 685
changing color, 684
compositing, 765–768
converting to selection, 685
default colors, 684
deleting, 685
editing, 683
versus erasing, 351
hiding everything, 684
linking with layer, 685
as red overlay, 684
reversing, 684
switching to layers, 685
turning off, 684
viewing, 684
layer sets, 644, 666–668
applying layer mask to, 685
nesting, 10–11
Layer Style dialog box, 304, 938
Advanced Blending options, 732–745, 745
Altitude option, 802
Angle option, 794–795
Angle value, 802
Anti-aliased check box, 796
Bevel and Emboss option, 787
Bevel and Emboss panel, 792, 800–802
Blend Clipped Layers as Group check box, 734–737, 741
Blend If pop-up menu, 745
Blend If sliders, 697, 745–754
Blend Interior Effects as Group check box, 732–733, 735–737, 807
Blend Mode option, 697, 732, 740
Blend Mode pop-up menu, 653, 792, 794
Blending Options panel, 697, 731–754, 807
Blending Options section, 779
Channels options, 740
Chisel Hard option, 800
Chisel Soft option, 800
Choke option, 795
Color option, 790
Color swatch, 794
Contour option, 788–789, 796
Contour panel, 800
Deep option, 741–742
Depth option, 801
Direction area, 802
Distance option, 795
Down radio button, 802
Drop Shadow command, 784
Drop Shadow panel, 792
Fill Opacity option, 697, 740
Fill Opacity slider, 732
Fill Opacity value, 732–734, 742
General Blending area, 653
Gloss Contour option, 796
Gradient option, 790
Inner Glow command, 784
Inner Glow panel, 792, 800
Inner Shadow command, 784
Inner Shadow panel, 792
Invert check box, 802
Jitter option, 800
Knockout pop-up menu, 697, 740–745
Layer Knocks Out Drop Shadow check box, 798
Layer Mask Hides Effects check box, 737, 739
Layer slider bar, 746
Link/Align with Layer check box, 802
New Style icon, 808
Noise option, 796
None option, 741
Opacity option, 697, 732, 792, 794
Opacity slider, 735
Opacity value, 653
Outer Glow command, 784
Outer Glow panel, 792, 799–800
panels, 792
Pattern Overlay option, 790
Pattern Overlay panel, 802
Position pop-up menu, 802
Precise check box, 799
Preview check box, 746
Range option, 800
Satin option, 789
Scale option, 802
Shallow option, 741–742, 745
Size option, 796
Smooth option, 800
Soften option, 802
Softer option, 799
Source option, 800
Spread option, 795
Stroke option, 791
Stroke panel, 802
Style pop-up menu, 787
Technique pop-up menu, 799–800
Texture option, 788
Texture panel, 792, 802
This Layer slider, 747, 751–753
Transparency Shapes Layer check box, 736, 739
Underlying Layer slider, 746, 748–750, 753
Up radio button, 802
Use Global Light check box, 795
Vector Mask Hide Effects check box, 737, 740
Layer Style feature, 304
Layer Style pop-up palette, 775
layer styles, 770–771, 775, 779, 783, 808–809, 997
Layer Up (Ctrl+] (z -])) keyboard shortcut, 650
Layer Via Copy command, 640
Layer Via Cut (Ctrl+Shift+J (z -Shift-J)) keyboard shortcut, 639
Layer with Inverted Layer Mask (Ctrl+Shift+Alt+V (z -Shift-Option-V)) keyboard shortcut, 685
layered effects, 495
layers, 112, 635
active, 615, 642
adding cast shadow, 539–543
adding to layer sets, 666
adjusting opacity of pixel information, 653
aligning, 669, 671–672
applying effects without selecting, 645
applying gradient fills, 283–284
applying single hue and saturation, 894
arranging, 998
automated matting techniques, 650–652
automatically naming, 640
basics, 642–656
behind active layer, 639
blend modes, 701–730
blending, 652–653
bringing forward, 649
centering gradient, 802
cloning, 317, 641–642
color threshold operation, 719
colored outline around, 791
colors as brightness-value multiplier, 712
combining using Vivid Light blend mode, 719
converting antialiased selections to, 650–652
converting selections to, 639, 644
converting to brightness levels in active layer, 720–722
copying and pasting selections to, 639
copying layer effects between, 792
correcting flat image, 940–941
creation of, 637–641
cutting selections to, 639
deleting, 655
distributing, 671–672
double-clicking thumbnail, 731
drag and drop, 809
dragging selection to, 637–639
drop shadows, 784
duplicating, 641–642
editing, 807
empty, 639, 648
erasing, 350
fill opacity, 698
filling, 278, 646
fills, 697–701
fusing, 654–655, 781
gradients, 790
guides, 669–671
interaction with other layers, 615
keyboard shortcuts, 1014–1017
knockouts, 740–745
layer effects, 698, 792
layer mask, 685, 758
linking, 664–665
Liquify window, 615
listing, 642
locked, 664
locking, 277, 668, 998
manipulating in layer sets, 667
as mask, 759
masking, 680–687
masking groups, 686–687
memory, 21
merging, 654–655, 708, 781
moving, 663–664
multiple shapes on, 777
naming, 640
neon strip around, 784
nudging, 663
opacity, 697–701, 998
painting on transparent pixels, 645
paragraph text, 818
patch tool, 329
patterns, 790
position of, 689
preserving transparency, 680–682
renaming, 641, 818
reordering, 649–650
scaling pattern tiles, 802
selecting contents, 656–662
sending selection to, 637–641
sending to back, 649
solid color, 790
source image, 757
stacking order, 725
sticking layer effects to, 791
straightening crooked, 674
strokes, 304
switching, 642–644, 998
switching to layer mask, 685
temporarily hiding and displaying, 642
text, 818
three-dimensional beveled edge, 787
transformation origin, 676
transforming, 675–678
translucency, 732
transparency, 644–646
uniting into sets, 665–668
versatility, 636
visibility, opacity, and blend modes information, 689
width of stroke aligning with perimeter, 802
Layers palette, 636, 809
add layer mask icon, 781
add layer style icon, 784
adjustment layers, 936–937
Background command, 647
Background item, 644
Blend Mode option, 732
blend mode pop-up menu, 653, 662
blend modes, 262
Blending Options option, 697
chain-link icon, 664
closed folder, 644
Color option, 910
Dock to Palette Well command, 639
Drop Shadow option, 455
eyeball icon, 642, 644
F7 keyboard shortcut, 307, 997
Fill option, 653, 696, 698, 701–702, 732
Fill slider, 701
Flatten Image command, 655
folder icon, 665–666
gradient thumbnail, 742
layer contents thumbnail, 779
layer mask icon, 683–684
layer mask thumbnail, 684
layer set, 644
link column, 664
listing layers, 642
Lock all button, 668
Lock buttons, 350, 457, 460
Lock icon, 998
Lock pixels button, 668
Lock position button, 668
Lock Transparency button, 668, 681–682
mixing images, 696
Mode option, 665
New Layer command, 639
new layer icon, 639–641
New Set From Linked command, 667, 742
Opacity option, 456, 653, 658, 696–698, 700–702, 814
Opacity slider, 701
Palette Options command, 205, 639
Pass Through option, 665
recording snapshots as states, 689
renaming layers, 818
reordering adjustment layers, 939
Screen option, 662
switching between layers, 642
thumbnails, 642
trash can icon, 655, 778
type layer, 813
vector mask, 775
vector mask thumbnail, 778
layer-specific masks, 682–685
leading, 826–827, 835
Left Align Last Line (Ctrl+Shift+J (z -Shift-J)) keyboard shortcut, 835
Left one screen (z -Control-K) keyboard shortcut, 50
Left one screen (Ctrl+Page Up (z -Page Up)) keyboard shortcut, 50
Left slightly (z -Control-Shift-K) keyboard shortcut, 50
Left slightly (Ctrl+Shift+Page Up (z -Shift-Page Up)) keyboard shortcut, 50
Lens Blur dialog box, 535–538
Lens Blur filter, 11, 534–538
Lens Flare filter, 561–562, 567, 624, 886
Levels command, 877, 911, 914–922
Levels dialog box, 73, 482, 894, 914–916, 918–921
Levels (Ctrl+L (z -L)) keyboard shortcut, 482, 914, 921
ligatures, 825
Lighten blend mode, 545, 708, 710
Lighten brush mode, 264
lighting controls, 802
lighting effects, 624
adding more light, 629
angle of light, 628–629
clouds, 625–626
color of light, 628
editing elliptical footprint of light, 629
fibers, 626
lighting images, 626–630
manual, 656–657
saving, 629
type of light, 628
Lighting Effects dialog box, 627–630
Lighting Effects filter, 624, 626–630, 886
lighting images, 626–630
Lightness channel, 503
limitcheck errors, 123
line breaks, 837–838
line drawing, converting images into, 514
line tool, 30, 220, 305–306, 308, 454, 774
Linear Burn blend mode, 708, 716–717
Linear Burn brush mode, 264
Linear Dodge blend mode, 712, 716–717, 753
Linear Dodge brush mode, 266
Linear Dodge (Shift+Alt+W) keyboard shortcut, 703
Linear Dodge mode, 551
linear gradation, 450, 592
linear gradient style, 287
Linear Light blend mode, 716–717, 725, 728, 749, 750
Linear Light brush mode, 266
lines, 217, 997
Link State (Ctrl+Shift+Alt+right-click (z -Shift-Option-Control-clicking)) keyboard shortcut, 664
linked layers, 667–668, 672, 686
linkinglayer and layer mask, 685
layer sets, 668
layers, 664–665
Liquify command, 583, 612–624
Liquify filter, 11
Liquify (Ctrl+Shift+X (z -Shift-X)) keyboard shortcut, 614, 658
Liquify window, 622
Add to selection option, 623
Affine mode, 624
Amplitwist mode, 624
bloat tool, 617–618
Brush Density setting, 615, 622
Brush Pressure option, 615, 618, 622
Brush Rate option, 615
Brush Size option, 614
Displace mode, 624
forward warp tool, 616
freeze mask tool, 622
freezing and thawing pixels, 622–623
frozen regions, 615
Intersect with selection option, 623
Invert selection option, 623
layers, 615
Loose mode, 624
Mask All button, 622
Mask Color pop-up menu, 615–616
Mesh Size pop-up menu, 616
mirror tool, 620
Mode pop-up menu, 615, 623
None button, 622
Opacity option, 615
pucker tool, 617, 618
Push left tool, 618
Reconstruct button, 623
Reconstruct Options section, 623
reconstruct tool, 623
Replace selection option, 623
Reset button, 623
Restore All button, 623
Revert mode, 624
Rigid mode, 624
Save Mesh button, 616
saving distortions, 616
Show Backdrop check box, 615
Show Image check box, 616, 624
Show Mask check box, 615
Show Mesh check box, 616
Show Mesh option, 624
Smooth mode, 624
Stiff mode, 624
Stylus Pressure check box, 615
Subtract from selection option, 623
thaw mask tool, 622
toolbox, 614
tools, 616–622
turbulence tool, 620
Turbulent Jitter option, 620–621
twirl clockwise tool, 617
twirl counterclockwise tool, 617
Live Picture, 776
LiveMotion, 769
Load Tool Presets command, 37
local cache, 102
Lock and Unlock Guides (Ctrl+Alt+semicolon (;) (z -Option-semicolon (;))) keyboard shortcut, 671
lockingguides, 671
layers, 668, 998
pixels, 668
transparency, 668
transparent pixels, 457
long file names, 89
Loose mode, 624
lossless compression schemes, 114
lossless Huffman encoding, 132
lossy compression routines, 114
Lower Baseline Value (Shift+Alt+down arrow (Shift-Option-down arrow)) keyboard shortcut, 830
low-resolution imagesantialiasing printed appearance, 958
help disguising, 770
low-resolution proxy images, 64
lpi (lines per inch), 81, 965
Lumina, 213
luminosity, 175, 268, 904
Luminosity blend mode, 565, 723–724, 750
Luminosity brush mode, 268
LZW (Lempel-Ziv-Welch) compression, 114, 116
