Red Hat Linux Fedora For Dummies [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Installing Wine

You have to install Wine after you download it. These steps describe the installation process:

To install the Wine package, open your Nautilus file manager by double-clicking the Home icon in the upper-left corner of your desktop.

The Home icon is labeled as X’s Home, where X is the username you’re logged in as. For example, if you’re logged in as the user Gabe, it reads Gabe’s Home.

Right-click the Wine RPM package file and choose Open WithInstall Packages.

A Query window opens and prompts you to enter the root password if you’re not logged in as root.

Enter the root password, if you’re prompted.

The package manager checks the current state of your computer and opens the Completed System Preparation window.

You can optionally click the Show Details button to see a summary of the Wine package you’re about to install.

Click the Continue button and the Wine package is installed.

When the window disappears, your package is installed.

Tip Alternatively, you can “manually” install the package by opening a terminal window, changing to root (su -) and entering the command rpm -ivh wine*. See Appendix E for more information about the manual installation process.

Running Notepad and Wine File

The Wine package you just installed, if you have read the preceding section, contains several simple Windows applications. The applications are emulated versions of the applications. The Wine contributors have done the work to duplicate the functionality in addition to the look and feel in order to provide some immediate gratification.

We take advantage of the situation by demonstrating a couple of programs. These steps describe how to run the Notepad and file manager programs:

Log in as a regular user (not root).

Click the GNOME Menu, and open the Run Program menu.

Click the Run in terminal radio button.

Enter this command in the text window:

wine notepad.exe

Technical Stuff Running the Wine program — for example, wine notepad.exe — for the first time creates a .wine directory in your home directory. The .wine directory contains all the configuration information that the Wine system needs in order to run. The configuration information is contained in the config file. Several additional files — all with the .reg suffix — mimic the Windows Registry. The Windows operating system uses the Registry to organize its configuration parameters; Linux on the other hand, uses separate files, such as those in the /etc, /etc/sysconfig, and /usr/ local/etc directories, to hold its configuration information.

Click the Run key and the Notepad window opens, as shown in Figure 14-1.

You can use Notepad to create, modify, and save text files.

Wine provides a Windows-like file manager too.

Repeat Steps 2–5, and substitute winefile in place of wine notepad.exe:

The Wine File (file manager) opens, showing the contents of your current working directory.

Playing games

Now that you may have had enough of text editing, you can investigate Wine’s true power. Wine is good at running programs that are not yet available in Linux form. Start by downloading a Windows-based shareware game.

TipShareware is software that the developer lets you test for free; sometimes, the software is usable for a limited trial period. If you like it, you can — and should — send the programmer a small fee.

Figure 14-1: The Wine Notepad utility.

Wine provides several useful utilities that help you to configure and test it. This sidebar describes some of them.

wineboot: Simulates the rebooting of a Windows computer. Rebooting is necessary when you’re installing numerous Windows applications (for example, Microsoft Word), and this utility provides that function.

winedbg: Debugs Wine applications. This utility shows what’s going on under the surface, so to speak. You need to use this utility only if you’re developing a Wine application.

winecfg: Helps set many Wine configuration options.

clock: Duplicates the simple Windows clock.

regedit: Duplicates the Registry editor.

progman: Functions as a program manager.

You can try running one of the Wine utilities. For example, test the winefile utility, which acts as a file manager.

Dull, old guys like us still like dull, old games like PacMan (wow! — even our misspent youth was dull), so we show you how to download a PacMan-like arcade game. These steps describe where to download and how to install the software (figuring out the heuristics of PacMan is up to you):

Log in as a regular user and open your Mozilla Web browser by clicking the blue globe (with a mouse wrapped around it) on the GNOME Panel.

Enter the address www.tucows.com in the text box at the top of the browser and press Enter.

Under the Computer Games heading, near the center of the Web page, click the Windows link.

Your browser displays a page with many classes of games.

Under the Arcade heading, click the PacMan link.

Click the WinPac2 link in the next window.

The WinPac 2 1.03b page opens.

Click the Win98 option and the Downloading WinPac2_103b.exe dialog box opens.

The Choose a Region window opens.

Tip The Win95 program runs, but frequently has problems.

Click the appropriate geographical pull-down menu, select your state or country, and click the Go button.

The Choose a Mirror window opens.

Click the mirror closest to you.

Click the OK button when the Opening WinPac2_103b.exe dialog box opens.

Click the Save button in the Enter Name of File to Save To dialog box.

The WinPac2 installation program is saved to your home directory.

The following steps describe how to install and run the game. Most Windows application installations should be similar to this one; you start the installation program and then see a graphical user interface (GUI):

Click the GNOME Menu and open the Run Program menu.

The Run Program window opens.

Click the Run in Terminal button and enter this command in the text window:

wine WinPac2_103b.exe

Click the Run key and the WinPac2 Setup: License Agreement window opens.

Read the license.

Click the I Agree button.

The WinPac 2 Setup: Installation Options window opens and shows the typical installation options.

Click the Quick Launch Icon and Desktop Icon options.

Installing the icons makes starting the game more convenient for you.

Click the Next button and the WinPac 2 Setup Installation Directory window opens, showing the location where the game files will be installed.

The C: token is an alias for the .wine/c directory in your home directory. If your home directory is /home/gabe, for example, C: corresponds to /home/gabe/.wine/c.

Click the Install button and the WinPac2 Setup Installing Files window opens. When it’s finished, it becomes WinPac2 Setup: Completed.

Click the Close button and you’re finished with the installation.

Tip The Wine Web page provides a database of tested applications. Go to http:// appdb.winehq.com/ to browse the applications known to run under Wine. The main Wine Web page provides more information about applications, at www. winehq.com/?page=supported_applications. The applications are divided into Gold and Silver lists. Gold-rated programs run the best; Silver programs run, but not flawlessly.

You have several ways to start a Wine-based application:

Manually, by using a terminal emulator: Open a terminal emulator window in the usual way and enter this command:

wine "C:Program Files/WinPac  2/WinPac2.exe"

By using the GNOME Run utility: Open the GNOME Run utility and enter this command:

wine "C:Program Files/WinPac 2/WinPac2.exe"

By creating and clicking a GNOME icon: This method is described in the following set of steps.

We show you how to create a GNOME icon to make using the new game easy. These steps describe the process:

Right-click anywhere on the GNOME Panel and choose Add to PanelLauncher.

The Create Launcher window opens.

Enter WinPac2 in the Name text box and enter this command in the Command text box:

wine "C:Program Files/WinPac 2/WinPac2.exe"

Click the Icon button and select an image from the Browse icons windows that opens.

For example, select the Apple icon.

Click the OK button and the icon is created on the Panel.

Click the new WinPac2 icon and the game starts, as shown in Figure 14-2.

Figure 14-2: The WinPac2 game introduction window.

Running Microsoft Word (now, that’s useful)

You can also run primary applications with Wine. You may prefer Microsoft Word over OpenOffice, for example. Well, you’re in luck because Wine provides that capability.

In this section, we show you how to install Microsoft Word 2000 on our Red Hat Linux computer. You have to own a Word 2000 license, of course, but you don’t need a Windows 2000 operating system license. Wine provides all the library hooks and sundry items to run an application like Word 2000.

WarningWine is continually modified and updated to remain as compatible as possible with Microsoft. Wine occasionally has trouble, however, running such complex applications as Office and Word. The problems were solved before we published, but please be aware it's possible that you might have problems with future releases of Wine. If you encounter this type of problem, please consult our help page at www.dummies.com/go/rhlfedorafd for possible fixes. You can also use commercial Wine variants, such as CrossOver Office, to run Office or Word.

Go find your Word 2000 (or Word 97, Word XP, or whatever) disc and get ready to rumble. These steps show how to install and use that word processor:

Log in to your computer as a nonroot user and insert the Microsoft Word 2000 CD into the CD-ROM drive.

These steps should work reasonably well with a Microsoft Office 2000 CD.

Click the GNOME Menu and choose System ToolsTerminal.

The Run Program window opens.

Enter the following commands in the text window:

rm/usr/lib/wine/wine/msi.dll.so wine/mnt/cdrom/setup.exe

You may have to substitute cdrom1 for cdrom if you have two drives.

Depending on the state of Wine you installed, you may see a Microsoft Word 2000 Setup window informing you that it can’t find a font. Missing fonts generally don’t affect the functionality of the application.

Click the OK button whenever a missing font warning appears.

The installation process displays lots of information as it proceeds. You can ignore the lines as they pass by. They don’t affect the installation process.

The Microsoft Word 2000: Welcome window opens.

Enter in the five text boxes the product key from your Microsoft Word 2000 disc (or from the physical package in which Microsoft enclosed the disc).

Remember that Wine provides only the platform on which to run valid Windows applications. It doesn’t provide the applications.

The next window you see gives you the option of installing a standard Word configuration or, optionally, customizing the installation.

For simplicity, we suggest that you click the Install Now button. (We leave it to you to navigate through the various additional configuration steps if you choose the Customize option.)

The installation continues until you’re prompted to reboot your computer. You’re not running a Windows computer, of course, so click the No button. The installation process seems to end.

Wine provides a Windows reboot simulation utility. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 and enter this command:

wineboot

The installation process starts up again and finishes. You have installed Microsoft Word 2000 on your Linux computer!

You can start the word processor by repeating Steps 3–5 and entering this command in the text window:

wine "C:Program Files/Microsoft  Office/Office/winword.exe"

Tip Backslashes (\) are escape characters in the Linux world; in the Windows world, backslashes separate directory names. That is, they prevent Linux (the bash shell) from interpreting the following character literally. Without the backslash, Linux (bash) interprets the directory name Program Files as two separate entities, Program and Files, because the bash shell figures that the space character is a separator and not part of a directory name or filename. Therefore, the combination of a backslash and a space — Program\ Files — allows Linux to process the directory name correctly: Program Files. The preceding command (refer to Step 8) is interpreted by Linux as wine C: Program Files/Microsoft Office/Office/winword.exe.