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Publisher14.5 Installing a SCSI Hard Disk
When installing and configuring a
SCSI hard disk, use the following guidelines:
- If possible, avoid mixing different types of SCSI devices on the same
bus. For example, if your system has an Ultra160 SCSI hard disk and
Ultra-SCSI CD-ROM, CD-RW, and tape drives installed, put the fast
hard disk on its own SCSI bus and install the slower SCSI devices on
a separate SCSI bus. If necessary, purchase and install an
inexpensive SCSI host adapter to support the slower devices.For easiest installation and configuration, use all SCAM-compliant
devices. SCAM-compliant drives allow a
SCAM-compliant host adapter to set the drive's SCSI
ID and termination status automatically.
SCAM-tolerant drives report their SCSI ID and termination
status to the adapter, but you must manually change settings on the
drive if SCSI ID and/or termination need to be altered.
Non-SCAM drives neither report their current settings to
the adapter nor allow the adapter to reset them automatically. When
using non-SCAM devices, you must manually verify settings and change
them as necessary.Many SCSI problems are cable-related. The cables supplied with SCSI
hard disks and host adapters are usually of decent quality, but
we've seen some truly horrible ones. Good SCSI
cables aren't cheap, and the $3 ones you find in the
bin at computer stores should be avoided. We've
always found Adaptec SCSI cables to be both reasonably priced and of
high quality.
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an ATA drive, particularly if your drive and/or adapter is not
SCAM-compliant. The following steps illustrate the general procedure
for installing a SCSI hard disk with a PCI SCSI host adapter. The
exact steps vary depending on which components you use.
- If you have not already done so,
install the SCSI host adapter. To do so, turn off the system, remove
the cover, and locate an available bus-mastering PCI slot. Recent
systems support bus mastering on all slots. Some older systems
support bus mastering on only some slots. In that case, bus-mastering
slots are normally light-colored and nonbus-mastering slots are dark.
Remove the slot cover for the selected slot, align the bus connector
with the slot, and press down firmly to seat the adapter. Use the
screw that secured the slot cover to secure the adapter. If you have
a spare drive-activity indicator LED, connect it to the appropriate
pins on the host adapter. If both
the drive and host adapter are SCAM-compliant, proceed to Step 5. If
the host adapter is SCAM-compliant but the drive is non-SCAM
compliant, the system may hang if you leave SCAM enabled on the host
adapter because the adapter is unable to determine current settings
for the non-SCAM device. Disable SCAM on the host adapter by starting
the system and running the ROM-based Setup utility for the adapter. Set SCSI IDs manually using the
jumpers or switches on the adapter and drive. If the host adapter
supports seven devices (plus the adapter itself), the adapter is
normally configured as SCSI ID 7, leaving SCSI IDs 0 through 6
available for drives. Higher-numbered IDs have priority. ID 0 is
normally reserved for the boot hard disk and ID 1 for a second hard
disk. Set the hard disk jumpers for the appropriate SCSI ID,
according to whether the hard disk is the primary boot drive or a
secondary drive. Terminate the
SCSI bus. Exactly two devices must be terminated on each SCSI bus,
and these devices must be those at each end of the bus, as follows:
- If
the SCSI adapter has only internal devices attached to it, the
adapter itself and the final device on the internal SCSI chain must
be terminated.If the SCSI
adapter has only external devices attached to it, the adapter itself
and the final device on the external SCSI chain must be terminated.If the SCSI adapter has both
internal and external devices attached to it, do
not terminate the SCSI adapter itself. Instead, terminate
the final device attached to the internal chain and the final device
attached to the external chain.
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configured correctly, physically install the drive and connect the
cables. Most adapters are supplied with a standard two-device cable.
If you need to connect more than two drives, replace the cable before
proceeding. Otherwise, connect the cable to each drive, making sure
to align Pin 1 on the cable (indicated by a red stripe) with Pin 1 on
each device (indicated by a small number, triangle, or dot on the
connector). It doesn't matter which drive connects
to which cable position, so mix and match drives and cable positions
in whatever way makes it easiest to route the cable.
Don't forget to connect the power cable. After verifying all settings and
connections, turn on any external SCSI devices first, and then turn
on the PC. If the SCSI hard disk is to be the boot drive, run CMOS
Setup and verify that the entry for ATA Primary Master is set to None
or Not Installed. If necessary, change it, save the new entry, and
restart the system. On most systems, the PCI bus assigns IRQs and
port addresses automatically. If your system requires setting PCI bus
parameters manually, do so during this restart, using the system or
motherboard documentation for guidance. Save the new settings and
restart the system again. The
SCSI BIOS displays its own splash screen while initializing, which
normally displays adapter and BIOS information and a list of
installed SCSI devices. Ordinarily, default settings are fine, but in
some cases you may need to change settings to get the drive to work
at all or to optimize its performance. If this is the case for your
system, press whatever key sequence is needed to invoke the SCSI
Setup routine and make the necessary changes, as recommended by the
documentation for the host adapter and/or drive. Once the drive is installed and
recognized by the system, use the operating system to partition and
format the drive.
