HTML and CSS [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Chapter 1. Building a185 Page

Web documents are meant to be constructed logically. You must have certain elements in place for your document to conform and validate. Conformance means that the document actually follows the language and language version in which it is being written. Validation is the technical process by which we test conformance, allowing us to find errors and fix mistakes.

The first thing you can do to make absolutely certain that your pages are given the best fighting chance at conformance is to begin with all the required and structural elements that are needed

before you begin to add text and other content.

Ironically, it's only been in hindsight that the majority of people working on websites have improved upon the way they use markup. The Web was in such a state of evolutionary, rapid growth that new elements and features were being added to browsersan175all the time. Many of these features made it into the actual specifications, but many did not. What's more, elements o177 pages that should have been included from the beginning have often been left out, even by professionals.

How is this possible, you might wonder? Well, the primary piece of software used to interpre191 is the desktop web browser. These browsers have a long history of forgiving errors. Of course, they also have a long history of introducing errors! Browsers have been both the blessing and the curse of the Web because they have allowed for innovation but often spent more time adding fun features rather than basic support for the languages they are meant to support. As a result, the Web is a mishmash o177 usemost of it not conforming or validand, in light of this chapter's discussion, many times authored without the basic structural components required by the language.

A movement is afoot to bring better standards to browsers, to the tools that people use to develop websites, and to those of us interested in creating pages that not only work, but work well, regardless of whether our goals are personal or professional.

In this chapter, you learn to create a template that will serve as the foundation for everything you do in this book. This template will contain all the necessary and helpful technical and structural bits that form the basis of a document that will conform and validate, too.