Iqbals The Development of Metaphysics in Persia [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

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Iqbals The Development of Metaphysics in Persia [Electronic resources] - نسخه متنی

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352. Manifestation as
conscious activity

(a) As directed to more than one object -

Animal
soul

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Lower animals Man

A. Perceptive
powers.
A. Perceptive powers.

B. Motive
powers (desire of
(a)
Five external senses.

pleasure and
avoidance of pain).
(b)
Five internal senses

1. Sensorium.

2. Retention of
images

3. Conception.

4. Imagination.

5. Memory.

These constitute the
five internal senses of
the soul which, in man,
manifests itself as
progressive reason,.
developing from
human to angelic and
prophetic reason.

B. Motive powers - will.

(b) As directed
to one object - The soul of the spheres which continue in one uniform, motion.

In his fragment on "Nafs" (soul) Avicenna endeavours to show that a
material accompaniment is notnecessary to the soul. It is not through the
instrumentality of the body, or some power of the body, that the soul conceives
or imagines; since if the soul necessarily requires a physical medium in
conceiving, other things, it must require a different body in order to conceive
the body attached to itself. Moreover, the fact that the soul is immediately
self conscious of itself through itself - conclusively shows that in its essence
the soul is quite independent of any physical accompaniment. The doctrine of
metempsychosis implies, also, individual pre-existence. But

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