The java.net
package provides a powerful and flexible infrastructure for
networking. This introduction describes the most commonly used
classes in brief. Note that as of Java 1.4, the New I/O API of
java.nio and java.nio.channels
can be used for high-performance nonblocking networking. See also the
javax.net.ssl package for classes for secure
networking using SSL. The
URL class represents an Internet uniform resource
locator (URL). It provides a very simple interface to networking: the
object referred to by the URL can be downloaded with a single call,
or streams may be opened to read from or write to the object. At a
slightly more complex level, a URLConnection
object can be obtained from a given URL object.
The URLConnection class provides additional
methods that allow you to work with URLs in more sophisticated ways.
Java 1.4 introduced the URI class; it provides a
powerful API for manipulating URI and URL strings but does not have
any networking capabilities itself. Java 5.0 defines APIs for
defining and registering cache, cookie, and proxy handlers to be used
by built-in protocol handlers when network resources are requested
through the URL class. See
RequestCache, CookieHandler,
ProxySelector, and Proxy. If you want to do more than simply
download an object referenced by a URL, you can do your own
networking with the Socket class. This class
allows you to connect to a specified port on a specified Internet
host and read and write data using the InputStream
and OutputStream classes of the
java.io package. If you want to implement a server
to accept connections from clients, you can use the related
ServerSocket class. Both Socket
and ServerSocket use the
InetAddress address class, which represents an
Internet address. Added in Java 1.4, Inet4Address
and Inet6Address are subclasses that represent the
addresses used by version 4 and version 6 of the IP protocol. Java
1.4 also introduced the SocketAddress class as a
high-level representation of a network address that is not tied to a
specific networking protocol. An IP-specific
InetSocketAddress subclass encapsulates an
InetAddress and a port number. The java.net package allows you
to do low-level networking with DatagramPacket
objects, which may be sent and received over the network through a
DatagramSocket object.
MulticastSocket extends
DatagramSocket to support multicast networking.
Interfaces
public interface ContentHandlerFactory ;
public interface DatagramSocketImplFactory ;
public interface FileNameMap ;
public interface SocketImplFactory ;
public interface SocketOptions ;
public interface URLStreamHandlerFactory ; Enumerated Types
public enum Authenticator.RequestorType ;
public enum Proxy.Type ; Classes
public abstract class Authenticator ;
public abstract class CacheRequest ;
public abstract class CacheResponse ;
public abstract class SecureCacheResponse extends CacheResponse;
public abstract class ContentHandler ;
public abstract class CookieHandler ;
public final class DatagramPacket ;
public class DatagramSocket ;
public class MulticastSocket extends DatagramSocket;
public abstract class DatagramSocketImpl implements SocketOptions;
public class InetAddress implements Serializable;
public final class Inet4Address extends InetAddress;
public final class Inet6Address extends InetAddress;
public final class NetPermission extends java.security.BasicPermission;
public final class NetworkInterface ;
public final class PasswordAuthentication ;
public class Proxy ;
public abstract class ProxySelector ;
public abstract class ResponseCache ;
public class ServerSocket ;
public class Socket ;
public abstract class SocketAddress implements Serializable;
public class InetSocketAddress extends SocketAddress;
public abstract class SocketImpl implements SocketOptions;
public final class SocketPermission extends java.security.Permission implements Serializable;
public final class URI implements Comparable<URI>, Serializable;
public final class URL implements Serializable;
public class URLClassLoader extends java.security.SecureClassLoader;
public abstract class URLConnection ;
public abstract class HttpURLConnection extends URLConnection;
public abstract class JarURLConnection extends URLConnection;
public class URLDecoder ;
public class URLEncoder ;
public abstract class URLStreamHandler ; Exceptions
public class HttpRetryException extends java.io.IOException;
public class MalformedURLException extends java.io.IOException;
public class ProtocolException extends java.io.IOException;
public class SocketException extends java.io.IOException;
public class BindException extends SocketException;
public class ConnectException extends SocketException;
public class NoRouteToHostException extends SocketException;
public class PortUnreachableException extends SocketException;
public class SocketTimeoutException extends java.io.InterruptedIOException;
public class UnknownHostException extends java.io.IOException;
public class UnknownServiceException extends java.io.IOException;
public class URISyntaxException extends Exception; |