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identifier
The name of an object in a database. An identifier can be from 1 through 128 characters.
identity column
A column in a table that has been assigned the IDENTITY property. The IDENTITY property generates unique numbers.
IDENTITY property
A property that generates values that uniquely identify each row in a table. When inserting rows into a table that has an identity column, SQL Server generates the next identity value automatically (based on the last-used identity value and the increment value specified during column creation).
idle time
A SQL Server 2000 Agent condition that defines the level of central processing unit (CPU) usage by the SQL Server 2000 database engine that constitutes an idle state. SQL Server 2000 Agent jobs can then be created to run whenever the database engine CPU usage falls below the level defined in the idle time definition. This minimizes the impact that the SQL Server Agent jobs might have on other tasks accessing the database.
IEC
See International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
image data type
A SQL Server variable-length binary data type that has a maximum length of 2^31 - 1 (2,147,483,647) bytes.
immediate updating
An option available with snapshot replication and transactional replication that allows data modifications to be made to replicated data at the Subscriber. The data modifications are then immediately propagated to the Publisher by using two-phase commit protocol (2PC).
immediate updating Subscribers
See immediate updating subscriptions.
immediate updating subscriptions
A subscription to a snapshot or transactional publication for which the user is able to make data modifications at the Subscriber. The data modifications are then immediately propagated to the Publisher by using two-phase commit protocol (2PC).
implicit transaction
A connection option in which each SQL statement executed by the connection is considered a separate transaction.
implied permission
Permission to perform an activity specific to a role. Implied permissions cannot be granted, revoked, or denied.
incremental update
The set of operations that either adds new members to an existing cube or dimension, or adds new data to a partition. The incremental update is one of three processing options for a cube or partition and is one of two processing options for a dimension. See also process, refresh data.
index
In a relational database, a database object that provides fast access to data in the rows of a table (based on key values). Indexes can also enforce uniqueness on the rows in a table. SQL Server supports clustered and nonclustered indexes. The primary key of a table is automatically indexed. In full-text search, a full-text index stores information about significant words and their locations within a given column.
index ORing
An execution strategy that consists of looking up rows of a single table that uses several indexes, followed by producing the result (by combining the partial results). This lookup usually corresponds to an OR keyword in a WHERE_<search_conditions> clause.
index page
A database page containing index rows.
indexed view
A SQL view where the data is stored in the database in the indexed order; an indexed view can provide performance gains.
information model
An object-oriented schema that defines metadata constructs used to specify the structure and behavior of an application, process, component, or software artifact.
initial media
The first medium in each media family.
initial snapshot
Files including schema and data, constraints, extended properties, indexes, triggers, and system tables necessary for replication. The initial snapshot is transferred to Subscribers when implementing replication. See also Synchronization.
inner join
An operation that retrieves rows from multiple source tables by comparing the values from columns shared between the source tables. An inner join excludes rows from a source table that have no matching rows in the other source tables.
input member
A member whose value is loaded directly from the data source instead of being calculated from other data. See also calculated member.
input set
The set of data provided to a multidimensional expressions (MDX) value expression upon which the expression operates.
input source
Any table, view, or schema diagram used as an information source for a query.
insensitive cursor
A cursor that does not reflect data modifications made to the underlying data by other users while the cursor is open.
Insert query
A query that copies specific columns and rows from one table to another or to the same table.
instance
A copy of SQL Server running on a computer. A computer can run multiple instances of SQL Server 2000. A computer can run only one instance of SQL Server 7.0 or earlier, although in some cases it can also run multiple instances of SQL Server 2000.
int (integer) data type
A SQL Server system data type that holds whole numbers from 2^31 (2,147,483,648) through 2^31 1 (2,147,483,647).
integer
In SQL Server 2000, a data type category that includes the bigint, int, smallint, and tinyint data types.
integrated security
See Windows Authentication.
integrity constraint
A property defined on a table that prevents data modifications that would create invalid data.
intent lock
A lock placed on one level of a resource hierarchy to protect shared or exclusive locks on lower-level resources. For example, before a SQL Server 2000 database engine task applies shared or exclusive row locks within a table, it places an intent lock on the table. If another task tries to apply a shared or exclusive lock at the table level, it is blocked by the table- level intent lock held by the first task. The second task does not have to check for individual page or row locks before locking the table; rather, it only has to check for an intent lock on the table.
interactive structured query language (isql)
An interactive command-prompt utility provided with SQL Server that allows users to execute Transact- SQL statements or batches from a server or workstation and view the results returned.
interface
A defined set of properties, methods, and collections that forms a logical grouping of behaviors and data. Classes are defined by the interfaces that they implement. Many different classes can implement an interface.
interface implication
If an interface implies another interface, then any class that implements the first interface must also implement the second interface. Interface implication is used in an information model to achieve some of the effects of multiple inheritance.
internal identifier
A more compact form of an object identifier in a repository. An internal identifier is guaranteed to be unique only within a single repository. See also object identifier.
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
One of two international standards bodies responsible for developing international data communications standards. The IEC works closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to define standards for computing. They jointly published the ISO/IEC SQL-92 standard for SQL.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
One of two international standards bodies responsible for developing international data communications standards. The ISO works closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) to define standards for computing. They jointly published the ISO/IEC SQL-92 standard for SQL.
Internet-enabled
A publication setting that enables replication to Internet Subscribers.
interprocess communication (IPC)
A mechanism through which operating system processes and threads exchange data and messages. IPCs include local mechanisms such as Windows shared memory or network mechanisms such as Windows Sockets.
IPC
See interprocess communication (IPC).
ISO
See International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
isolation level
The property of a transaction that controls the degree to which data is isolated for use by one process and is guarded against interference from other processes. Setting the isolation level defines the default locking behavior for all SELECT statements in your SQL Server session.
ISQL
See interactive structured query language (isql).
