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Chapter 1
| 1: | What is TCP/IP? |
| A1: | Answer: TCP/IP is a complex set of mechanisms designed to enable communications between any two or more machines connected to a network regardless of what types of devices they might be, who made them, or their physical proximity to each other. |
| 2: | How are TCP/IP and the Internet related? |
| A2: | Answer: TCP/IP and the Internet share a common heritagea heritage that today is reflected in TCP/IP's status as the Internet's official communications protocol. The Internet is a physical network and TCP/IP is the logical suite of tools that lets you actually connect to and use the Internet. TCP/IP has gone on to become even bigger than the Internetif you can imagine such a thing! Whereas the Internet is a global public network that interconnects virtually all the networks in the world, TCP/IP is used in even more networks than are connected to the Internet. |
| 3: | What five critical communications functions can TCP/IP perform? |
| A3: | Answer: Some of the most critical TCP/IP functions include the following:An addressing system that permits you to uniquely identify any given machine connected to the Internet. This system affords the ability to create literally billions of unique addresses.A standardized packet that contains all the information needed for two or more devices to talk across a network and for that network to appropriately forward packets between those devices.An ability to segment application data into manageable pieces. These segments are then placed inside a data structure known as a packet.Enables computers that receive a series of related packets to put the packets into the correct order. That way the reassembled data is exactly the same as it was before it was segmented by the sending machine.TCP/IP is smart enough to detect data that was damaged as it traveled through the network. Data that was damaged is discarded, and TCP/IP's mechanisms ensure that, when appropriate, the damaged block is retransmitted until it is successfully received. |
| 4: | How do you know when you are using TCP/IP? |
| A4: | Answer: If you want to use the Internet, you must use TCP/IP. All Internet service providers (ISPs) around the world have embraced TCP/IP as the standard mechanism for communicating through the Internet. Because of its success in this role, it has become much more widely used throughout the world. In fact, you would be hard-pressed to find any enterprise or home network today that didn't also use TCP/IP.Although not all applications that communicate do so using TCP/IP, the vast majority do. Thus, if you surf the Internet or use it for instant messaging, e-mail, file sharing, gaming, or whatever else might strike your fancy, you are using TCP/IP.Also, TCP/IP isn't just for the Internet. Since the Internet's commercialization, TCP/IP has been embraced almost universally and is the de facto standard networking protocol for the Internet, private networks, and even home networks. |
| 5: | What can't TCP/IP do? In other words, what communications functions must it rely on other mechanisms to do? |
| A5: | Answer: Despite its widespread acceptance around the world, TCP/IP is not a panacea, nor was it intended to be one. It is a communications protocol that provides a linkage between physical networks and logical tools such as application software and operating systems. Consequently, it is not a network nor is it an operating system or application software. It might contain some operating system elements, and even have some native utility applications, but its role is an intermediary between the user-facing software and physical networks. |
