Table A.6. Commands Used to Find Files and Text Within Files
| COMMAND | GENERAL USAGE | DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| egrep | egrep [OPTIONS] PATTERN [FILE] | Searches the contexts of text files for the specified pattern. The pattern specified for egrep must be created using extended regular expressions. Common options include -i
Ignore case for searches -r
Recursive search for matching files For example:
egrep (root|admin) /etc/*
Syntax for extended regular expressions is available in Table A.8. |
| fgrep | fgrep [OPTIONS] PATTERN [FILE] | Searches the contexts of text files for the specified pattern. The pattern specified for fgrep will be interpreted literally and not translated as a regular expression. This allows for searching on such things as wildcard characters (*, ?). Common options include -i
Ignore case for searches -r
Recursive search for matching files For example:
fgrep '*/15' /etc/crontab
|
| find | find [PATH] EXPRESSION | Searches a directory structure for as pecific file or files matching the specified expression. Common expression options include -name
File name search -type
File type search -uid
File owner UID search For example:
find /etc -name pass
|
| grep | grep [OPTIONS] PATTERN [FILE] | Searches the contexts of text files for the specified pattern. The pattern specified for grep must be created using common regular expressions. Common options include -i
Ignore case for searches -r
Recursive search for matching files For example:
grep ^root /etc/*
Syntax for common regular expressions is available in Table A.7. |
| locate | locate PATTERN | Searches the locatedb database for all instances of the specified pattern. Using locate is typically faster than find for filesystem-wide searches. However, unless updatedb is used to update the locatedb database, new files will not be contained in the database. |
| updatedb | updatedb | Scans the local filesystem and ensures that all filenames are contained in the locatedb database. |
| whereis | whereis NAME | Locates the binary, source code, and manual pages for the specified command. |
| which | which NAME | Searches your PATH for the specified command and returns the location of the first instance of that command. |
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