Ijtihad Its Meaning Sources Beginnings and the Practice of Ray [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Title

Section 1

Introduction

Main Topics of Discussions

The Term Ijtihad

Ijtihad in the Utterances
of the Prophet (s)

Ijtihad in the Utterances
of Some Sahabah

Ijtihad in the Utterances
of the Imams (A)

Ijtihad as a Technical
Term

Critique of the Above
Definitions

Second Definition of
Ijtihad

Third Definition of
Ijtihad

Fourth Definition of
Ijtihad

Fifth Definition of
Ijtihad

Two Different Conceptions
of Ijtihad

Ijtihad as an Independent
Source in Sunni Fiqh

Section 2

The Holy Qur'an as the
First Source of Ijtihad

Sources of Ijtihad

Works on Qur'anic Fiqh

Legal Deduction from the
Qur'an

The Authority of Zawahhir
al Qur'an

Qur'an on Muhkamat and
Mutashabihat

Hidden Meanings of Qur'anic
Verses

Qur'an and Khabr al-Wahid

Role of Exegesis in Legal
Deduction

Comprehensive Character of
the Qur'an

Section 3

Factors Responsible for
Emergence of the Practice of Ra'y

The Factors Which Generated
New, Contingent Issues

The Shi'i Encounter With
New Problems

Different Points of View
Among Ahl al‑Sunnah

Ra'y and Shi'i
Ijtihad

Arguments in Defence of
Ra'y and Their Refutation

1. Arguments Based on the
Quran

2. Arguments Based on the
Tradition

Critique of the Tradition
Narrated about Mu'adh

Consequences of the
Tradition About Mu'adh

Critique of the Second Riwayah

Critique of the Third Riwayah

Critique of the Fourth Riwayah

The Emergence of Ijtihad
bi al‑Ray

The Term Ta'wil During
the Days of the Tabi'un

The Use of "Ijtihad"
in Another Sense

The New Denotation of Ijtihad

Difference between the Two
Conceptions and its Consequences

Delimitation of the
Meaning of Ijtihad by al‑Muhaqqiq al‑Hilli

Section 4

The Beginnings of Shi'i
Ijtihad

The Qur'an as the Source of
Law

Difficulty of Utilizing the
Sunnah

The Need for Ijtihad
amongst the Shi'ah

Difference between Shi'i
and Sunni Ijtihad

Ijtihad during the Era of
the Imams

Ijtihad, a Perennial
Spring

The Source of Inadequacies

Qualifications Required for
Ijtihad

The Closure of the Gates of
Ijtihad

Difference of Viewpoints

Traditional or Progressive
Fiqh

Ijtihad, Legislation and
Tajdid

The Practice of Ijtihad

Development of the Theory
of Ijtihad