Wind-Clouds movement

In spite of the fact that a great deal of
the enormous solar energy is broken or
reflected when passing through the atmosphere
the remaining penetrates it and gets to the
surface of the Earth.Here,it is absorbed by
the air,lands and/or ocean waters.the Earth
and water , in turn, also send back a major
portion of their received energy to the
atmosphere.Since the rays emitted by the
Sun are shone vertically to the Earth in
equatorial regions,and on the contrary,the
angle of shining is very small in areas
around the poles , the amount of energy
received in equatorial lands is much more
than that of the polar ones : Therefore,
some energy must be directed from the
equatorial areas to the lands around the
poles.Otherwise the weather in equatorial
lands gets warmer day by day.This important
phenomenon,that is the displacement of
energy,is carried out through the
displacement of air by convection currents
which lead to the formation of wind.
The displacement of air which,depending on
the environmental and geogrophical
conditiones,usually accompanies the formation
and the displacement of clouds,is the main
element for controlling a varieties of
climates in different areas.A portion of
these displacements,such as the usual
movement of the air from equatorial regions
towards the poles,generally affect the
climatic coniditions on the Earth.
The general movement of air begins from the
equatorial regions.The hot and humid weather
there ,in the form of an enormous mass ,is
directed upwards and climbs to the upper
layers of troposphere.While climbing up it
loses its humidity in the form of clouds.
The clouds produced after the cooling and
climbing processes,cause heavy equatorial
rainfalls after the equatorial warm air
which lacks humidity moves upwards and gets
to the heights,a portion of it turns toward
the north and the other portion goes towards
the south,and form the air currents above
the atmosphere in these regions.A portion of
this warm and dry air climbs and is directed
toward the ground in latitudes of 30 to 40
degrees while eliminating the scant humidity
existing in the areas through which it blows
it causes an ever increasing dryness in the
environment.That is why most of the dry
regions in the world one located in the
latitude between 30 to 40 degrees in the
north and south latitudes )horse latitudes).
Another example of the inter relation ships
between air currents and clouds in
determining the climate in an area , is the
formation of clouds between the sea and the
mountains over looking it : The wind which
blows from the sea contains some water vapor.
The movement of the wind towards the land and
high places,which have lower air pressure
than the sea,causes the damp air from the sea
to move towards the foot of the mountain and
makes an environment with move relative
humidity.This air gets cooler as it goes up,
at the same time its water vapor becomes
dense;then it turns into clouds and rain
and precipitates in the foot of the mountain
over looking the see.The northern and
southern faces of the Alborz mountain ranges
in Iran and the effect of the moisture
resulted from the Caspian sea and also
changes in ecological conditions in the
two feet of this mountain range are
obvious examples of the facts mentioned.
it must be noted that not all clouds are
rain making.They act differently according to
their formation mechanism,height,temperature
and other environmental conditions.