Using ISA Server 2004's Performance Monitor - Dr. Tom Shinderamp;#039;s Configuring ISA Server 1002004 [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

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Dr. Tom Shinderamp;#039;s Configuring ISA Server 1002004 [Electronic resources] - نسخه متنی

Thomas W. Shinder; Debra Littlejohn Shinder

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Back Cover Dr. Tom Shinder's Configuring ISA Server 2004 Introduction Acknowledgments About the Authors Technical Editor A Note From the Publisher From Deb and Tom Shinder, Authors Chapter 1: Evolution of a Firewall: From Proxy 1.0 to ISA 2004 The Book: What it Covers and Who It's For It's in the Book: What We Cover This Book's For You: Our Target Audience Security: The New Star of the Show Security: What's Microsoft Got to Do with It? Security: A Policy-Based Approach Security: A Multilayered Approach Firewalls: The Guardians at the Gateway Firewalls: History and Philosophy Firewalls: Understanding the Architecture Firewalls: Features and Functionality Firewalls: Role and Placement on the Network ISA: From Proxy Server to Full-Featured Firewall ISA: A Glint in MS Proxy Server's Eye ISA: A Personal Philosophy Summary Chapter 2: Examining the ISA Server 2004 Feature Set The New GUI: More Than Just a Pretty Interface Examining the Graphical Interface Examining The Management Nodes Teaching Old Features New Tricks Enhanced and Improved Remote Management Enhanced and Improved Firewall Features Enhanced and Improved Virtual Private Networking and Remote Access Enhanced and Improved Web Cache and Web Proxy Enhanced and Improved Monitoring and Reporting Multi-Networking Support New Application Layer Filtering (ALF) Features VPN Quarantine Control Missing in Action: Gone but Not Forgotten Live Media Stream Splitting H.323 Gateway Bandwidth Control Active Caching Summary Solutions Fast Track New GUI: More Than Just a Pretty Face Teaching Old Features New Tricks New Features on the Block Missing in Action: Gone But Not Forgotten Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 3: Stalking the Competition: How ISA 2004 Stacks Up Firewall Comparative Issues The Cost of Firewall Operations Specifications and Features Comparing ISA 2004 to Other Firewall Products ISA Server 2004 Comparative Points Comparing ISA 2004 to Check Point Comparing ISA 2004 to Cisco PIX Comparing ISA 2004 to NetScreen Comparing ISA 2004 to SonicWall Comparing ISA 2004 to WatchGuard Comparing ISA 2004 to Symantec Enterprise Firewall Comparing ISA 2004 to Blue Coat SG Comparing ISA 2004 to Open Source Firewalls Summary Comparing Architecture Comparing Functionality Comparing Cost Solutions Fast Track Firewall Comparative Issues Comparing ISA 2004 to Other Firewall Products Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 4: ISA 2004 Network Concepts and Preparing the Network Infrastructure Our Approach to ISA Firewall Network Design and Defense Tactics Defense in Depth ISA Firewall Fallacies Software Firewalls are Inherently Weak You Can't Trust Any Service Running on the Windows Operating System to be Secure ISA Firewalls Make Good Proxy Servers, but I Need a 'Real Firewall' to Protect My Network ISA Firewalls Run on an Intel Hardware Platform, and Firewalls Should Have 'No Moving Parts' 'I Have a Firewall and an ISA Server' Why ISA Belongs in Front of Critical Assets A Better Network and Firewall Topology Tom and Deb Shinder's Configuring ISA 2004 Network Layout Creating the ISALOCAL Virtual Machine How ISA Firewall’s Define Networks and Network Relationships ISA 2004 Multinetworking The ISA Firewall’s Default Networks Creating New Networks Controlling Routing Behavior with Network Rules The ISA 2004 Network Objects ISA Firewall Network Templates Dynamic Address Assignment on the ISA Firewall’s External Interface Dial-up Connection Support for ISA firewalls, Including VPN Connections to the ISP “Network Behind a Network” Scenarios (Advanced ISA Firewall Configuration) Web Proxy Chaining as a Form of Network Routing Firewall Chaining as a Form of Network Routing Configuring the ISA Firewall as a DHCP Server Summary Solutions Fast Track Our Approach to the ISA Firewall Network Design and Defense Tactics Tom and Deb Shinder's Configuring ISA 2004 Network Layout How ISA Firewalls Define Networks and Network Relationships Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 5: ISA 2004 Client Types and Automating Client Provisioning Understanding ISA 2004 Client Types Understanding theISA 2004 SecureNAT Client Name Resolution for SecureNAT Clients Name Resolution and 'Looping Back' Through the ISA 2004 Firewall Understanding the ISA 2004 Firewall Client ISA 2004 Web Proxy Client ISA 2004 Multiple Client Type Configuration Deciding on an ISA 2004 Client Type Automating ISA 2004 Client Provisioning Configuring DHCP Servers to Support Web Proxy and Firewall Client Autodiscovery Configuring DNS Servers to Support Web Proxy and Firewall Client Autodiscovery Special Considerations for VPN Clients Automating Installation of the Firewall Client Configuring Firewall Client and Web Proxy Client Configuration in the ISA Management Console Group Policy Software Installation Silent Installation Script Systems Management Server (SMS) Summary Solutions Fast Track Understanding the ISA 2004 SecureNAT Client Understanding the ISA 2004 Web Proxy Client Understanding the ISA 2004 Firewall Client Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 6: Installing and Configuring the ISA Firewall Software Pre-installation Tasks and Considerations System Requirements Configuring the Routing Table DNS Server Placement Configuring the ISA Firewall's Network Interfaces Unattended Installation Installation via a Terminal Services Administration Mode Session Performing a Clean Installation on a Multihomed Machine Default Post-installation ISA Firewall Configuration The Post-installation System Policy Performing an Upgrade Installation Performing a Single NIC Installation (Unihomed ISA Firewall) Quick Start Configuration for ISA Firewalls Configuring the ISA Firewall's Network Interfaces Installing and Configuring a DNS Server on the ISA Server Firewall Installing and Configuring a DHCP Server on the ISA Server Firewall Installing and Configuring the ISA Server 2004 Software Configuring the Internal Network Computers Hardening the Base ISA Firewall Configuration and Operating System ISA Firewall Service Dependencies Service Requirements for Common Tasks Performed on the ISA Firewall Client Roles for the ISA Firewall Lockdown Mode Connection Limits DHCP Spoof Attack Prevention Summary Solutions Fast Track Pre-installation considerations Performing a clean installation Default Post-install System Policy and Firewall Configuration Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 7: Creating and Using ISA 2004 Firewall Access Policy Introduction ISA Firewall Access Rule Elements Protocols User Sets Content Types Schedules Network Objects The Rule Action Page The Protocols Page The Access Rule Sources Page The Access Rule Destinations Page The User Sets Page Access Rule Properties The Access Rule Context Menu Options Configuring RPC Policy Configuring FTP Policy Configuring HTTP Policy Ordering and Organizing Access Rules How to Block Logging for Selected Protocols Disabling Automatic Web Proxy Connections for SecureNAT Clients Using Scripts to Populate Domain Name Sets Using the Import Scripts Extending the SSL Tunnel Port Range for Web Access to Alternate SSL Ports Avoiding Looping Back through the ISA Firewall for Internal Resources Anonymous Requests Appear in Log File Even When Authentication is Enforced For Web (HTTP Connections) Blocking MSN Messenger using an Access Rule Allowing Outbound Access to MSN Messenger via Web Proxy Changes to ISA Firewall Policy Only Affects New Connections Configure the Routing Table on the Upstream Router Configure the Network Adaptors Install the ISA Server 2004 Firewall Software Install and Configure the IIS WWW and SMTP Services on the DMZ Server Create the DMZ Network Create the Network Rules Between the DMZ and External Network and for the DMZ and Internal Network Create Server Publishing Rule Allowing DNS from DMZ to Internal Create an Access Rule Allowing DNS from Internal to External Create an Access Rule Allowing DNS from Internal to External Create an Access Rule Allow HTTP from External to DMZ Create an Access Rule Allowing SMTP from External to DMZ Test the Access Rules from External to DMZ Test the DNS Rule from the DMZ to the Internal Network Change the Access Rule Allowing External to DMZ by Disabling the Web Proxy Filter Allowing Intradomain Communications through the ISA Firewall Solutions Fast Track Configuring Access Rules for Outbound Access through the ISA Firewall Using Scripts to Populate Domain Name Sets Creating and Configuring a Public Address Trihomed DMZ Network Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 8: Publishing Network Services with ISA 2004 Firewalls Overview of Web Publishing and Server Publishing Web Publishing Rules Server Publishing Rules The Select Rule Action Page The Define Website to Publish Page The Public Name Details Page The Select Web Listener Page and Creating an HTTP Web Listener The User Sets Page The Web Publishing Rule Properties Dialog Box Creating and Configuring SSL Web Publishing Rules SSL Bridging Importing Web Site Certificates into The ISA Firewall's Machine Certificate Store Requesting a User Certificate for the ISA Firewall to Present to SSL Web Sites Creating an SSL Web Publishing Rule Creating Server Publishing Rules The Server Publishing Rule Properties Dialog Box Server Publishing HTTP Sites Creating Mail Server Publishing Rules The Web Client Access: Outlook Web Access (OWA), Outlook Mobile Access, Exchange Server ActiveSync Option The Client Access: RPC, IMAP, POP3, SMTP Option Summary Solutions Fast Track Overview of Web Publishing and Server Publishing Creating and Configuring Non-SSL Web Publishing Rules Creating and Configuring SSL Web Publishing Rules Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 9: Creating Remote Access and Site-to-Site VPNs with ISA Firewalls Overview of ISA Firewall VPN Networking Firewall Policy Applied to VPN Client Connections Firewall Policy Applied to VPN Site-to-Site Connections VPN Quarantine User Mapping of VPN Clients SecureNAT Client Support for VPN Connections Site-to-Site VPN Using Tunnel Mode IPSec Publishing PPTP VPN Servers Pre-shared Key Support for IPSec VPN Connections Advanced Name Server Assignment for VPN Clients Monitoring of VPN Client Connections Creating a Remote Access PPTP VPN Server Enable the VPN Server Create an Access Rule Allowing VPN Clients Access to Allowed Resources Enable Dial-in Access Test the PPTP VPN Connection Issue Certificates to the ISA Firewall and VPN Clients Test the L2TP/IPSec VPN Connection Monitor VPN Clients Using a Pre-shared Key for VPN Client Remote Access Connections Creating a PPTP Site-to-Site VPN Create the Remote Site Network at the Main Office Create the Network Rule at the Main Office Create the Access Rules at the Main Office Create the VPN Gateway Dial-in Account at the Main Office Create the Remote Site Network at the Branch Office Create the Network Rule at the Branch Office Create the Access Rules at the Branch Office Create the VPN Gateway Dial-in Account at the Branch Office Activate the Site-to-Site Links Enable the System Policy Rule on the Main Office Firewall to Access the Enterprise CA Request and install a Web Site Certificate for the Main Office Firewall Configure the Main Office ISA Firewall to Use L2TP/IPSec for the Site-to-Site Link Enable the System Policy Rule on the Branch Office Firewall to Access the Enterprise CA Request and Install a Web Site Certificate for the Branch Office Firewall Configure the Main Office ISA Firewall to Use L2TP/IPSec for the Site-to-Site Link Activate the L2TP/IPSec Site-to-Site VPN Connection Configuring Pre-shared Keys for Site-to-Site L2TP/IPSec VPN Links IPSec Tunnel Mode Site-to-Site VPNs with Downlevel VPN Gateways Using RADIUS for VPN Authentication and Remote Access Policy Configure the Internet Authentication Services (RADIUS) Server Create a VPN Clients Remote Access Policy Remote Access Permissions and Domain Functional Level Changing the User Account Dial-in Permissions Changing the Domain Functional Level Controlling Remote Access Permission via Remote Access Policy Enable the VPN Server on the ISA Firewall and Configure RADIUS Support Create an Access Rule Allowing VPN Clients Access to Approved Resources Make the Connection from a PPTP VPN Client Using EAP User Certificate Authentication for Remote Access VPNs Configuring the ISA Firewall Software to Support EAP Authentication Enabling User Mapping for EAP Authenticated Users Issuing a User Certificate to the Remote Access VPN Client Machine Supporting Outbound VPN Connections through the ISA Firewall Installing and Configuring the DHCP Server and DHCP Relay Agent on the ISA Firewall Creating a Site-to-Site VPN Between an ISA Server 2000 and ISA Firewall Run the Local VPN Wizard on the ISA Server 2000 firewall Change the Password for the Remote VPN User Account Change the Credentials the ISA Server 2000 Firewall uses for the Demand-dial Connection to the Main Office Change the ISA Server 2000 VPN Gateway's Demand-dial Interface Idle Properties Create a Static Address Pool for VPN Clients and Gateways Run the Remote Site Wizard on the Main Office ISA firewall Create a Network Rule that Defines the Route Relationship Between the Main and Branch Office Create Access Rules Allowing Traffic from the Main Office to the Branch Office Create the User Account for the Remote VPN Router Test the connection A Note on VPN Quarantine Summary Solutions Fast Track Overview of ISA Firewall VPN Networking Creating a Remote Access PPTP VPN Server Creating a Remote Access L2TP/IPSec Server Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 10: ISA 2004 Stateful Inspection and Application Layer Filtering Introduction Application Filters The SMTP Filter and Message Screener The DNS Filter The POP Intrusion Detection Filter The SOCKS V4 Filter The FTP Access Filter The H.323 Filter The MMS Filter The PNM Filter The PPTP Filter The RPC Filter The RTSP Filter Web Filters The HTTP Security Filter (HTTP Filter) The ISA Server Link Translator The Web Proxy Filter The SecurID Filter The OWA Forms-based Authentication Filter The RADIUS Authentication Filter IP Filtering and Intrusion Detection/Intrusion Prevention Common Attacks Detection and Prevention DNS Attacks Detection and Prevention IP Options and IP Fragment Filtering Summary Solutions Fast Track Application Layer Filters Web Filters Intrusion Detection and Prevention Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 11: Accelerating Web Performance with ISA 2004 Caching Capabilities Understanding Caching Concepts Web Caching Types Web Caching Architectures Web Caching Protocols Understanding ISA Server 2004's Web Caching Capabilities Using the Caching Feature Understanding Cache Rules Understanding the Content Download Feature Configuring ISA Server 2004 as a Caching Server Enabling and Configuring Caching How to Configure Caching Properties Creating Cache Rules Configuring Content Downloads Summary Fast Track Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 12: Using ISA Server 2004's Monitoring, Logging, and Reporting Tools Introduction Exploring the ISA Server 2004 Dashboard Dashboard Sections Configuring and Customizing the Dashboard Creating and Configuring ISA Server 2004 Alerts Alert-triggering Events Viewing the Predefined Alerts Creating a New Alert Modifying Alerts Viewing Triggered Alerts Monitoring ISA Server 2004 Connectivity, Sessions, and Services Configuring and Monitoring Connectivity Monitoring Sessions Monitoring Services Working with ISA Server 2004 Logs and Reports Understanding ISA Server 2004 Logs Generating, Viewing, and Publishing Reports with ISA Server 2004 Using ISA Server 2004's Performance Monitor Solutions Fast Track Exploring the ISA Server 2004 Dashboard Creating and Configuring ISA Server 2004 Alerts Monitoring ISA Server 2004 Sessions and Services Working with ISA Server 2004 Logs and Reports 1Using ISA Server 2004's Performance Monitor Frequently Asked Questions Appendix: Network Security Basics Introduction Security Overview Defining Basic Security Concepts Knowledge is Power Think Like a Thief Security Terminology Addressing Security Objectives Controlling Physical Access Preventing Accidental Compromise of Data Preventing Intentional Internal Security Breaches Preventing Unauthorized External Intrusions Recognizing Network Security Threats Understanding Intruder Motivations Classifying Specific Types of Attacks Designing a Comprehensive Security Plan Evaluating Security Needs Understanding Security Ratings Legal Considerations Designating Responsibility for Network Security Designing the Corporate Security Policy Educating Network Users on Security Issues Incorporating ISA Server in your Security Plan ISA Server Intrusion Detection Implementing a System Hardening Plan with ISA Summary Index Numbers Index A Index B Index C Index D Index E Index F Index G Index H Index I Index J Index K Index L Index M Index N Index O Index P Index Q Index R Index S Index T Index U Index V Index W Index Z List of Figures List of Tables List of Sidebars

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Using ISA Server 2004's Performance Monitor

ISA Server 2004 installs the ISA Server Performance Monitor (a customized view of the Windows System Monitor that includes only ISA Server-related counters) when you install the ISA Server 2004 software.

The following counters are added to the Performance monitor for the ISA Server Firewall Packet Engine object:



Dropped packets shows the total number of packets dropped.



Dropped packet/sec shows the total number of packets dropped each second.



Packets shows the total number of packets that the firewall packet engine driver has inspected.



Packets/sec shows the total number of packets that the firewall packet engine driver inspects each second.



TCP established connections/sec shows the number of TCP connections established each second (that is, a 3-way SYN handshake has been completed successfully).



The following counters are added to the Performance monitor for the ISA Server Firewall Service object:



Accepting TCP connections shows the number of connections that are awaiting a TCP connection from the Firewall client.



Active sessions shows active Firewall sessions.



Active TCP connections shows the total number of TCP connections currently passing data.



Active UDP connections shows the total number of UDP connections currently passing data.



Available UDP mappings shows the number of mappings that are available for UDP connections.



Available worker threads shows the number of Firewall Service worker threads that are waiting in completion port queue.



Bytes read/sec shows the number of bytes that are read by the data pump in one second.



Bytes written/sec shows the number of bytes that are written by the data pump in one second.



DNS cache entries shows the number of DNS name entries cached by the Firewall service.



DNS cache flushes shows the number of times the DNS domain name cache has been cleared.



DNS cache hits shows the number of times a DNS domain name was found in the DNS cache.



DNS cache hits % shows the percentage of DNS domain names retrieved by the Firewall service that are retrieved from cache.



DNS retrievals show the number of DNS domain names retrieved by the Firewall service.



Failed DNS resolutions shows calls to resolve host DNS domain names and IP addresses for Firewall service connections that failed.



Kernel mode data pumps shows the number of kernel mode data pumps created by the Firewall service.



Listening TCP connections shows the connection objects awaiting TCP connections from remote computers following a successful listen.



Pending DNS resolutions shows calls to resolve DNS domain names and IP addresses for Firewall service connections that are pending.



Pending TCP connections shows the number of TCP connections waiting for a connect call to finish.



SecureNAT mappings show the number of mappings that were created by SecureNAT.



Successful DNS resolutions shows calls to resolve host DNS domain names and IP addresses for Firewall service connections that were returned successfully.



TCP bytes transferred/sec shows the number of TCP bytes transferred by the kernel mode data pump in one second.



TCP Connections Awaiting Inbound Connect Call shows connections from Firewall service to Firewall client after a connection from the Internet was accepted by the Firewall service on a listening socket.



UDP bytes transferred/sec shows the number of UDP bytes transferred by the kernel mode data pump in one second.



Worker threads shows Firewall service worker threads currently alive.



The following counters are added to the Performance Monitor for the ISA Server Web Proxy object:

Active Web sessions

Array bytes received/sec

Array bytes sent/sec

Array bytes total/sec

Average milliseconds/request

Cache hit ratio (%)

Cache hit ratio for last 10K requests

Client bytes received/sec

Client bytes sent/sec

Client bytes total/sec

Connect errors

Connect errors/total errors (%)

Current array fetches average milliseconds/request

Current cache fetches average milliseconds/request

Current direct fetches average milliseconds/request

DNS cache entries

DNDS cache flushes

DNS cache hits

DNS cache hits (%)

DNS retrievals

Failing requests/sec

Failing requests/total requests (%)

FTP requests

HTTP requests

HTTPS sessions

Incoming connections/sec

IO errors to array member

IO errors to array member/total (%)

IO errors to client

IO errors to client/total errors (%)

IO errors to server

IO errors to server/total errors (%)

Maximum users

Outgoing connections/sec

Requests from array member

Requests from array member/total errors (%)

Requests to array member

Requests to array member/total errors (%)

Requests with Keep Alive to array member

Requests with Keep Alive to array member/total errors (%)

Requests with Keep Alive to client

Requests with Keep Alive to client/total errors (%)

Requests with Keep Alive to server

Requests with Keep Alive to server/total errors (%)

Requests/sec

Reverse bytes received/sec

Reverse bytes sent/sec

Reverse bytes total/sec

Sites allowed

Sites denied

SNEWS sessions

SSL client bytes received/sec

SSL client bytes sent/sec

SSL client bytes total/sec

Thread pool active sessions

Thread pool failures

Thread pool size

Total array fetches

Total cache fetches

Total failing requests

Total pending connects

Total requests

Total reverse fetches

Total SSL sessions

Total successful requests

Total upstream fetches

Total users

Unknown SSL sessions

Upstream bytes received/sec

Upstream bytes sent/sec

Upstream bytes total/sec

You can add or remove counters by right-clicking any column header in the bottom pane of the System Monitor view, and selecting Properties. On the Data tab, select the counters you want to remove, and click Remove. To add a counter, click Add and select the computer (local or a computer in the drop-down list), performance object and counter(s) to add. You can add counters for any performance object, not just those related to ISA Server.

The ISA Server Performance Monitor is configured in the same way as the Windows Performance Monitor, and you can create counter logs, trace logs and alerts just as you do when monitoring other aspects of Windows computers.

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