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Hack 52 Use the Dictionary

Create a bot to look up the meaning of a word
for you or to show the meaning of a word to other people in your
channel.

People very often use short acronyms or
other jargon on IRC. Sometimes it can be helpful to have a clue what
they are saying. One solution is to look these words up in the
Jargon file
(http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon)
or the Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
(FOLDOChttp://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc). Another
way is to get an IRC bot to do the searches for you.

A convenient way to access both the Jargon file and FOLDOC is via the
Dictionary Server Protocol (http://www.dict.org/bin/Dict).

8.3.1 The Code

The bot in this hack will respond to the commands
!jargon and !foldoc and give
the results of the search to the channel. The PircBot IRC framework
will be used to connect to the IRC server and respond to simple IRC
commands. The majority of the code will be used to connect to the
dictionary server and parse the responses.

Create a file called DictBot.java:

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
import org.jibble.pircbot.*;
public class DictBot extends PircBot {
private static final String DICT_SERVER = "dict.org";
private static final int DICT_PORT = 2628;
public DictBot( ) {
this.setName("DictBot");
}
public void onMessage(String channel, String sender, String login,
String hostname, String message) {
if(message.toLowerCase( ).startsWith("!jargon ")) {
String searchString = message.substring(8).trim( );
sendMessage(channel, lookupWord(DICT_SERVER, DICT_PORT,
"jargon", searchString));
}
else if(message.toLowerCase( ).startsWith("!foldoc ")) {
String searchString = message.substring(8).trim( );
sendMessage(channel, lookupWord(DICT_SERVER, DICT_PORT,
"foldoc", searchString));
}
}
}

When the bot receives a !jargon or
!foldoc command, it will pass the parameters to
the lookupWord method. This method will connect to
the DICT server and try and return the definition of the word. You
should now add this method to the DictBot
class:

public String lookupWord(String dictServer, int port, String book, String word) {
try {
Socket socket = new Socket(dictServer, port);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream( )));
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream( )));
reader.readLine( );
// Set the book used for search (and double quote the search string).
writer.write("DEFINE " + book + " \" + word + "\"\r\n");
writer.flush( );
String definition = ";
String line = null;
while((line = reader.readLine( )) != null) {
// 552 No match.
if(line.startsWith("552")) {
// Switch to Levenshtein algorithm to try to get *some* result.
writer.write("MATCH " + book + " lev \" + word + "\"\r\n");
writer.flush( );
line = reader.readLine( );                    
// 552 No match
if(line.startsWith("552")) {
socket.close( );
// If it's still not found, stop.
return "I can't find any words that look like that...";
// 152 n matches found - text follows.
} else if(line.startsWith("152")) {
String[] parts = line.split(" ");
int numMatches = Integer.valueOf(parts[1]).intValue( );
// Some similar words were found ...
String reply = ";
int count = 0;
while((line = reader.readLine( )) != null) {
if(count > numMatches || line.startsWith(".")) {
break;
}
reply += " " + line.substring(line.indexOf("\"),
line.lastIndexOf("\") + 1);
count++;
}
socket.close( );
return "The only similar words I could find were: " + reply;
} else {
// Something went wrong. Let the user know.
return "Something unexpected happened: " + line;
}
}
// 151 word database name - text follows.
if(line.startsWith("151")) {
if (book.equals("foldoc")) {
// Skip first 2 lines returned (header and blank line).
reader.readLine( );
reader.readLine( );
}
definition = ";
while((line = reader.readLine( )) != null) {
if(line.trim( ).equals(") || line.startsWith("2")) {
break;
} else {
definition += line;
}
}
break;
}
if(line.startsWith("2")) {
break;
}
}
socket.close( );
// Return the definition.
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("[\\s\\r\\n\\t\\f]+");
Matcher m = pattern.matcher(definition);
definition = m.replaceAll(" ");
return definition;
}
catch (Exception e) {
// Do nothing.
}
return "Something went wrong :oP";
}

Now you just need a main method to construct the bot and tell it to
connect to a server and join a channel. The bot will be happy to join
more than one channel if you want. Create the following in
DictBotMain.java:

public class DictBotMain {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
DictBot fBot = new DictBot( );
fBot.setVerbose(true);
fBot.connect("irc.freenode.net");
fBot.joinChannel("#irchacks");
}
}

8.3.2 Running the Hack

Compile the bot with:

C:\java\DictBot> javac -classpath pircbot.jar;. *.java

Run the bot with:

C:\java\DictBot> java -classpath pircbot.jar;. DictBotMain

The bot will connect to the server and be ready to look up words as
soon as it joins your channel.

8.3.3 The Results

Here are some examples of the bot being used to look
up words in the Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
(FOLDOC):

<DeadEd> !foldoc irc
<DictBot> {Internet Relay Chat}
<DeadEd> !foldoc internet relay chat
<DictBot> <chat, messaging> (IRC) /I-R-C/, occasionally /*rk/ A {client-server}
{chat} system of large (often worldwide) networks. IRC is structured as networks of 
{Internet} {servers}, each accepting connections from {client} programs, one per user.
<DeadEd> !foldoc html
<DictBot> {Hypertext Markup Language}
<DeadEd> !foldoc Hypertext Markup Language
<DictBot> <hypertext, World-Wide Web, standard> (HTML) A {hypertext} document 
format used on the {World-Wide Web}. HTML is built on top of {SGML}. "Tags" are embedded 
in the text. A tag consists of a "<", a "directive" (case insensitive), zero or more 
parameters and a ">". Matched pairs of directives, like "<TITLE>" 
and "</TITLE>" are used to delimit text  which is to appear in a special place or style.

8.3.4 Hacking the Hack

Many other dictionaries are available at
dict.org. All of these can be
accessed using the same Dictionary Server Protocol. The
communication is basically the same, but some additional parsing may
be needed to get a nicer output from some of the dictionaries.

For example, you could easily add a new command
!dict that would perform a lookup through all of
the dictionaries available on dict.org by adding the following code
to the end of the onMessage method:

else if(message.toLowerCase( ).startsWith("!dict ")) {
String searchString = message.substring(6).trim( );
sendMessage(channel, lookupWord(DICT_SERVER, DICT_PORT, "*", searchString));
}

You could then ask the bot to look up a word in all of the available
dictionaries by typing !dict
word.

Alex North