Unix Advanced [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

1.

Log in as root, or use su to get a root shell.

2.

cd /usr/ports/net/samba3

Code listing 6.1. Using smbclient to list the shares on a server.

bsd# smbclient -U chrish -L taffer
Password:
Domain=[TAFFER] OS=[Windows 5.1] Server=[Windows 2000 LAN Manager]
Sharename       Type      Comment
---------       ----      -------
E$              Disk      Default share
IPC$            IPC       Remote IPC
D$              Disk      Default share
print$          Disk      Printer Drivers
SharedDocs      Disk      
scribe          Printer   Lexmark Z22-Z32 Color Jetprinter (Copy 1)
home            Disk      Taffer's home
Movies          Disk      
G$              Disk      Default share
wallpaper       Disk      Desktop wallpaper galore
tmp             Disk      
Music           Disk      
ADMIN$          Disk      Remote Admin
C$              Disk      Default share
Domain=[TAFFER] OS=[Windows 5.1] Server=[Windows 2000 LAN Manager]
Server               Comment
---------            -------
Workgroup            Master
---------            -------
bsd# 

3.

make install clean

The ports system displays the "Options for samba" dialog (Figure 6.1).

4.

Unless you need one of the disabled options, you can go with the defaults. To turn on an additional option, use the up and down arrow keys to move to the option's entry, then press the spacebar to select (or deselect) it.

The options include

LDAP
Add support for authenticating users stored in an LDAP server.

ADS
Add support for authenticating users stored in an Active Directory server.

CUPS
Add support for sharing CUPS-based printers.

WINBIND
Add support for adding the Samba server to an existing Active Directory or Windows domain.

ACL_SUPPORT
Add support for ACLs (Access Control Lists; detailed Windows-style file and directory permissions).

SYSLOG
Add support for standard syslog error and diagnostic reporting (as opposed to writing log messages in a Samba-specific log file).

QUOTAS
Add support for per-user disk quotas.

UTMP
Add support for checking for currently logged-in users through the /var/ log/utmp file.

MSDFS
Add support for the Microsoft Distributed File System.

SAM_XML
Allow storing Samba passwords in an XML file.

SAM_MYSQL
Allow storing Samba passwords in a MySQL database.

SAM_PGSQL
Allow storing Samba passwords in a PostgreSQL database.

SAM_OLD_LDAP
Samba 2.xcompatible LDAP user-authentication support.

PAM_SMBPASS
Add support for authenticating users with PAM.

POPT
Build with Samba's built-in popt() function instead of trying to use the OS's. You should leave this one alone on the theory that the BSD folks knew what they were doing when they made it the default.

5.

Press Tab and then Enter to dismiss the "Options for samba" dialog and continue the installation with your selected options.

6.

Using your favorite text editor, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:

samba_enable="YES"

7.

Restart the machine, or run the following command to start Samba:

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/samba.sh start

1.

Open a root shell, or use su (or sudo) to become root.

2.

If you're using FreeBSD,

cd /usr/local/etc

or, if you're using Mac OS X,

cd /etc

3.

Use your favorite text editor to create or edit the smb.conf file.

The smb.conf file consists of comments (lines starting with a semicolon or # character), section headings (lines enclosed in square brackets), and section data (anything after a section heading up to the next section heading).

4.

Add or edit the [global] section so that it has at least the following entries:

[global]
workgroup = name
security = user
hosts allow = nets 127.
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
max log size = maxlog
passdb backend = tdbsam

Replace name with the name of the domain or workgroup. nets should be one or more networks (use 192.168.0. to allow 192.168.0.*, for example) that are allowed to attach to your Samba server; all others will be denied. Set maxlog to the maximum log file size, such as 50 for 50 Kbytes maximum.

Setting security to user means that users will be authenticated with the server using a user ID and password stored locally. Using the above value for log file will create one log file per machine (named log.machine_name) in the /var/log/samba directory. Finally, the passdb backend indicates which type of database to use for storing user IDs and passwordsin this case, a TDB file.

5.

testparm

Test your configuration (Figure 6.2) to see if you've made any syntax errors. If you have, fix them.

1.

Log in as root, or use su (or sudo) to become root.

Manipulating the Samba password database requires root's privileges.

2.

pdbedit -a -u userid

Add (-a) the specified userid to the Samba password database. Note that pdbedit works transparently with whatever database back end is specified in the global smb.conf file (and you can force it to use another back end with the -b option).

3.

Type the user's password at the "new password" prompt. Type it again at the "retype new password" prompt to make sure you've got it right.

1.

Open a root shell, or use su (or sudo) to become root.

2.

If you're using FreeBSD,

cd /usr/local/etc

or, if you're using Mac OS X,

cd /etc

3.

Use your favorite text editor to create or edit the smb.conf file.

4.

Add one or more share sections similar to this:

[sharename]
path = /the/directory/to/share
writable = yes
guest ok = no
browseable = yes
comment = description

Each section like this creates one shared directory; in this case, it will be named sharename and map to /the/directory/ to/share on this system. Set writable to no if you want a read-only share, guest ok to yes if you want to let anonymous users access the share, and browseable to no if you want to hide the share from network browsing (as through the smbclient command or Windows' View Workgroup Computers). If you've set browseable to no, you can also leave off the comment, which is displayed next to the share name during network browsing.

5.

Save the file, then run testparm to make sure you didn't accidentally include some syntax errors.

6.

If you're using FreeBSD:

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/samba.sh
restart

or, if you're using Mac OS X:

service smbd stop
service smbd start

Restart the Samba services to incorporate your changes in smb.conf.

1.

smbclient -U userid -L server

Use the smbclient command's -L option to list the shares available on the specified server (Code Listing 6.1), connecting as the user specified in userid. You'll be prompted for userid's password.

Or, if you're using Cygwin:

net view \\\\server

This lists the available shares on server in a slightly different format (Code Listing 6.2) and leaves out the "hidden" administrative shares. The four backslash characters are required because the shell uses \to escape "special" characters; \\turns into one \ being passed to the command.

Code listing 6.2. Using net view under Cygwin to list the shares on a server.

chrish@taffer [514]: net view \\\\taffer
Shared resources at \\taffer
Taffer (P4 2.53GHz)
Share name  Type   Used as  Comment
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
home        Disk            Taffer's home
Movies      Disk
Music       Disk
scribe      Print           Lexmark Z22-Z32 Color Jetprinter
SharedDocs  Disk
tmp         Disk
wallpaper   Disk            Desktop wallpaper galore
The command completed successfully.
chrish@taffer [515]: 

2.

Use su to become root, or use sudo with the commands in the following steps. On most systems, only root can mount file systems.

3.

mkdir /path/to/mountpoint

If you don't already have a directory to use as a mount point, create one. This can be anywhere in the file system, although it's usually under /mnt (or /Volumes on Mac OS X).

4.

mount -t smbfs -o username=userid
//server/share /path/to/mountpoint

on Fedora Core, or, if you're using FreeBSD:

mount -t smbfs
//userid@server/share
/path/to/mountpoint

or, if you're using Cygwin:

mount -f //server/share 
/path/to/mountpoint

or, if you're using Mac OS X:

mount -t smbfs -o -U=userid 
//server/share /path/to/mountpoint

Mount share on server as the directory at mountpoint, logging in to server as userid. You will be prompted for userid's password.