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SQL Bible [Electronic resources] - نسخه متنی

Alex Kriegel

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Table of Contents

How This Book Is Organized

Conventions Used in This Book

Acknowledgments

Part I: SQL Basic Concepts and Principles

Chapter 1: SQL and Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS)

Selecting Your Database Software

Everything in Details: DBMS Implementations

Real-Life Database Examples

Database Legacy

Relational Databases

Object Database and Object-Relational Database Models

Brief History of SQL and SQL Standards

Chapter 2: Fundamental SQL Concepts and Principles

SQL: The First Look

Any Platform, Any Time

Chapter 3: SQL Data Types

No Strings Attached

In Numbers Strength

Once Upon a Time: Date and Time Data Types

Object and User-Defined Data Types

Other Data Types

Part II: Creating and Modifying Database Objects

Chapter 4: Creating RDBMS Objects

Aliases and Synonyms

Other SQL99 and Implementation-Specific Objects

CREATE Statement Cross-Reference

Chapter 5: Altering and Destroying RDBMS Objects

Aliases and Synonyms

Other Implementation-Specific Objects

ALTER and DROP Statements Cross-Reference

Part III: Data Manipulation and Transaction Control

Chapter 6: Data Manipulation Language (DML)

INSERT: Populating Tables with Data

UPDATE: Modifying Table Data

DELETE: Removing Data from Table

Other SQL Statements to Manipulate Data

Chapter 7: Sessions, Transactions, and Locks

Understanding Locks

Part IV: Retrieving and Transforming Data

Chapter 8: Understanding SELECT Statement

Single Table SELECT Statement Syntax

SELECT Clause: What Do We Select?

FROM Clause: Select from What?

WHERE Clause: Setting Horizontal Limits

GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses: Summarizing Results

ORDER BY Clause: Sorting Query Output

Combining the Results of Multiple Queries

Chapter 9: Multitable Queries

Outer Joins: Joining Tables on Columns Containing NULL Values

Joins Involving Inline Views

Multitable Joins with Correlated Queries

Improving Efficiency of Multitable Queries

Chapter 10: SQL Functions

Chapter 11: SQL Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Logical Operators

Operator Precedence

Assignment Operator

Comparison Operators

Bitwise Operators

User-defined Operators

Part V: Implementing Security Using System Catalogs

Chapter 12: SQL and RDBMS Security

Defining a Database User

Managing Security with Privileges

Managing Security with Roles

Using Views for Security

Using Constraints for Security

Using Stored Procedures and Triggers for Security

Database Auditing

Security Standards

Chapter 13: The System Catalog and INFORMATION_SCHEMA

Oracle 9i Data Dictionary

IBM DB2 UDB 8.1 System Catalogs

Microsoft SQL Server 2000 System Catalog

Part VI: Beyond SQL--Procedural Programming and Database Access Mechanisms

Chapter 14: Stored Procedures, Triggers, and User-Defined Functions

Procedural Extension Uses and Benefits

Key Elements of a SQL Procedural Language

Stored procedures

User-Defined Functions

Chapter 15: Dynamic and Embedded SQL Overview

SQL Statement Processing Steps

Embedded (Static) SQL

Dynamic SQL Techniques

The Future of Embedded SQL

Chapter 16: SQL API

Microsoft Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)

Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)

IBM DB2 UDB Call-Level Interface (CLI)

Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Oracle Objects for OLE (OO4O)

Microsoft Data Access Interfaces

Chapter 17: New Developments--XML, OLAP, and Objects

OLAP and Business Intelligence

Part VII: Appendix

Appendix A: What's on the CD-ROM

Using the CD with Windows

What's on the CD

Troubleshooting

Appendix B: The ACME Sample Database

General Information and Business Rules

Naming Conventions

Relationships Between Tables

Column Constraints and Defaults

SQL Scripts to Create ACME Database Objects

Appendix C: Basics of Relational Database Design

Identifying Entities and Attributes

Specifying Constraints

Pitfalls of Relational Database Design

Appendix D: Installing RDBMS Software

Installing IBM DB2 UDB 8.1 Personal Edition

Installing Microsoft SQL Server 2000

Appendix E: Accessing RDBMS

Using IBM DB2 UDB 8.1 Command-Line Processor (CLP)

Using Microsoft SQL Server Utilities to Access Database

Appendix F: Installing the ACME Database

Installing the ACME Database on Oracle 9i (Unix/Linux) Using SQL*Plus

Installing the ACME Database on DB2 UDB 8.1 (Windows) Using CLP

Installing ACME Database on Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Using OSQL Utility

Appendix G: SQL Functions

Appendix H: SQL Syntax Reference

Transactional Control Statements

Appendix I: SQL-Reserved Keywords

Future Keywords

ODBC Reserved Keywords

Appendix J: SQL99 Major Features Compliance Across Different RDBMS

Appendix K: The Other RDBMS

Appendix L: A Brief Introduction to the Number Systems, Boolean Algebra, and Set Theory

The Number Systems

Logic Elements of Boolean Algebra

List of Figures

List of Code Examples

List of Sidebars

توضیحات

افزودن یادداشت جدید

User-defined Operators

Oracle 9i allows you
to create user-defined operators. They are created using the
CREATE
OPERATOR statement and are identified by
names rather than by single characters. Once a user-defined operator is created
it can be used just like any of the built-in operators with the notable
exception that one has to have
EXECUTE privilege to this object.

User-defined operators in Oracle
9i behave very similarly to user-defined functions,
because Oracle takes sets of operands for input and returns values.