The Rituals of Hajj [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Various kinds of Umrah

Rule 135:

Like obligatory pilgrimage,
the optional pilgrimage is also at times obligatory and at times optional. It
may be Mufradah or Tamatu'.

Rule 136:

Like the pilgrimage, Umrah
is obligatory on all those who can afford it and, like obligatory pilgrimage,
must be performed forthwith, although the means may be sufficient for Umrah but
not for a pilgrimage. However, it is apparent (adh'dhahir) that if a person's
responsibility is the performance of Hajj-ut-Tamatu', the Umrat-ul-Mufradah is
not obligatory on him.

Thus, if an agent performs all the ceremonies of
obligatory pilgrimage on behalf of a principal, the performance of an Umrat-ul
Mufradah for himself is not obligatory on him, even if he has the means to
perform it, although, as a matter of precaution, it is better to do so.

Rule 137:

It is mustahab to perform
umrat-ul- mufradah in every month of the year. However, observing a gap of
thirty days between every two such optional pilgrimages is not a must. That is,
you can perform Umrah in the end of one month, and another at the beginning of
another month.

It is not permissible to perform two such optional
pilgrimages in the same month. There is no objection to a person performing two
optional pilgrimages, one for himself or another person and the other in the
hope that it will gain him thawab; or one for himself and the other for another
person, or both of them for another person, or if one is Mufradah and the other
Tamatu''.

So if a person has performed Umrat-ul-Mufradah, it is permissible
for him to perform Umrat-ut-Tamatu'' consecutively in the same month. Similar
too is the rule on performing an Umrat-ul-Mufradah on completion of an
obligatory pilgrimage. However, it is not permissible to perform an optional
pilgrimage between Umrat-ut-Tamatu' and obligatory pilgrimage.

However, if he
stayed in Makkah until the day of tarwiyah, intending to perform pilgrimage,
Umrat-ul-Mufradah will his Tamatu'; he should then perform Hajj-ut-Tamatu'
thereafter.

Rule 138:

Just as the optional
pilgrimage becomes obligatory to perform on attainment of means, so does it
become obligatory to fulfil a vow, oath, promise etc.,.

Rule 139:

The rituals involved in the
two optional pilgrimages, Mufradah and Tamatu'' can be the same, and this will
be discussed late, as well as vary, such as:

in Umrat-ul-Mufradah, it is obligatory to perform Tawafun Nisa but
it is not obligatory in Umrat-ut-Tamatu';


Umrat-ut-Tamatu' can only be performed during the season of
obligatory pilgrimage, namely, Shawwal, Thil Qa'dah and Thil Hijjah, whereas
it is permissible to perform the Umrat-ul-Mufradah during all the months of
the year, preferably in Rajab;


in Umrat-ut-Tamatu', the ihram can be removed only after Taqseer,
while in Umrat-ul-Mufradah it can be removed after taqseer or shaving the
head, and the latter is better;


it is obligatory to perform Umrat-ut-Tamatu' and obligatory
pilgrimage in the same year, but that is not the rule for Umrat-ul-Mufradah.
If Hajj-ul-Ifraad and Umrat-ul-Ifraad have become obligatory on a person, it
is permissible for him to perform the Hajj-ul-Ifraad in one year and the
Umrat-ul-Ifraad in the other year;


in Umrat-ul-Mufradah, if a person deliberately had a sexual
intercourse with his wife before sa'y, his pilgrimage becomes invalidated; he
shall be required to perform it again, that is to stay in Makkah to the
following month to perform it. However, if he does so during Umrat-ut-Tamatu''
it is doubtful if it would be invalidated and the better view is that it will
not be affected as will be discussed in Rule 220.

Rule 140:

In Umrat-ul-Mufradah as in
Umrat-ut-Tamatu'' one must wear ihram at the Meqat itself as will be explained
later. If the person is in Makkah and intends to perform an Umrat-ul-Mufradah,
it is permissible for him to come out of the Haram and wear his ihram;
thus, it is not obligatory for him to proceed to a Meqat and wear the
ihram there;it is permissible for him to wear the ihram at Hudaybiyyah, Ja'ranah
or Tan'eem.

The only exception to this rule is when a person invalidates his
Umrat-ul-Mufradah by having sexual intercourse with his wife before sa'y. In
this case, as a matter of precaution, he must repeat the ihram for a new Umrah
from a Meqat; however, it is not permissible to wear ihram from Tan'eem, as will
be explained further in Rule 223.

Rule 141:

It is obligatory to perform
an Umrat-ul-Mufradah, if one intends to enter Makkah, for it is not permissible
to do so without ihram except for those who enter and depart from there
regularly like by virtue of their trade.

Similarly, if a person has completed
Umrat-ut-Tamatu' and Hajj, or after Umrat-ul-Mufradah and has left Makkah, he is
permitted to re-enter without ihram before the expiry of the same month in which
the Umrah was performed. As for the person who has departed from Makkah after
performing Umrat-ut-Tamatu', but before the pilgrimage, the rule will be
discussed under Rule 154 below.

Rule 142:

If a person performs the
Umrat-ul-Mufradah during the Hajj season (defined in Rule 139 '2' above) and
remains in Makkah to the 8th of Thil Hijjah, he is permitted to treat it as
Umrat-ut-Tamatu' and perform obligatory pilgrimage. However, there is no
difference in this regard between an obligatory pilgrimage and an optional
one.