The Rituals of Hajj [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

Hajj-Ut-Tamatu

Rule 147:

This pilgrimage consists of
two parts; the first is called Umrah and the second HajjThe Hajj-ut-Tamatu'
applies to the second part; however, it is obligatory to perform the Umrah
before the Hajj.

Rule 148:

Five matters must be observed
in Umrat-ut-Tamatu':

ihram must be worn at one of the Meqats which will be discussed
later;


tawaf round the Ka'ba;


prayer (salah) after the tawaf;


sa'y between Safa and Marwah;


taqseer, that is, to remove some hair of the head, beard or
moustache. On completion of these five acts, one is out of the state of ihram
and all that which is forbidden during ihram becomes lawful.

Rule 149:

It is obligatory on the
pilgrim to be prepared to undertake the requirements of the pilgrimage on
approaching the ninth of Thil Hijjah. There are thirteen compulsory acts of
worship in obligatory pilgrimage:

wearing ihram in Makkah, details of which will follow;


staying in Arafat from noon on the ninth of Thil Hijjah, after
adequate time has elapsed after zawaal to carry out ghusl and say Dhuhr and
Asr prayers jointly (jam'an), till sunset. Arafat is situated about twelve
miles from Makkah;


staying in Muzdalifah part of the eve of Eid-ul-Adhha till sunrise
on the day of the Eid. Muzdalifah is situated between Arafat and Makkah;


stoning (rami) Jamrat-ul-Aqabah in Mina on the day of the Eid. Mina
is situated about three miles from Makkah;


slaughtering an animal in Mina on the day of Eid;


shaving the head or removing some hair in Mina. On completion of
these acts, matters forbidden during ihram become lawful except [having sexual
intercourse with one's] woman, perfume and hunting;


tawaf (tawaf-uz-ziyarah) on returning to Makkah;


prayers after tawaf;


sa'y between Safa and Marwah. At this stage wearing perfume becomes
lawful;


Tawafun Nisa;


prayers after Tawafun Nisa;


remaining in Mina during the eve of the eleventh and twelfth and,
in certain circumstances which will be explained below, the eve of the
thirteenth [Thil Hijjah] also;


stoning all the three jamarat on the eleventh and twelfth and,
evidently (al adhhar), if the pilgrim is there on the thirteenth.

Rule 150:

There are certain conditions
that should be observed in Hajj-ut-Tamatu':

Niyyah, that is, one must form the intention of performing
Hajj-ut-Tamatu'. If one sets his mind on performing another kind of
pilgrimage, or wavers in his intention, the pilgrimage is invalidated.


The Umrah and Hajj must be performed during the season of Hajj (see
Rule 139 '2' above). If any part of the Umrah is performed before commencement
of the month of Shawwal, the Umrah is invalid.


The Umrah and Hajj must be performed in the same year. If the Umrah
is performed and then the Hajj is postponed to the next year, the Tamatu' is
invalid. It makes no difference whether the pilgrim remains in Makkah to the
following year or goes back to his country for the return journey to Makkah.
Similarly, it makes no difference whether he removes the ihram or remains in
it to the following year.


As a matter of choice, the ihram for Hajj must be worn in Makkah
itself and the best place for it is the Holy Mosque; however, if it is not
possible to wear ihram in Makkah, it may be worn wherever possible.


The Umrah and Hajj must both be performed by the same person as an
agent for one particular person. It is not permissible to engage two agents,
for a living or dead person, for Hajj-ut-Tamatu', one to perform the Umrah and
the other the Hajj. Similarly, it is not permissible that one person performs
the Umrah on behalf of one person and the Hajj for another.

Rule 151:

If a pilgrim completes the
rituals for Umrat-ut-Tamatu', it is obligatory on him to perform the Hajj. As a
matter of precaution, it is not permissible for him to leave Makkah without
performing Hajj. However, if he wishes to do so, even if it is not necessary,
and there is no fear of missing the Hajj, and if he is sure he can return to
Makkah to wear ihram in time, it is evident that he can depart from Makkah
without ihram.

And if he is not so sure, it is obligatory on him to wear the
ihram for Hajj in Makkah. Only then can he depart and head for Arafat in the
same ihram. It is not permissible for a person who has performed
Umrat-ut-Tamatu' to leave Hajj out of choice, even though it is a recommended
one.However, if it was not possible to perform Hajj, he should consider it Umrah
Mufradah; accordingly, he should perform Tawafun Nisa.

Rule 152:

It is permissible for a
pilgrim whose obligation is Hajj-ut-Tamatu' to depart from Makkah before the
completion of his Umrah; that is, evidently, if he is able to return to Makkah;
otherwise, as a matter of precaution, he should not do so.

Rule 153:

The prohibition against
leaving Makkah on completion of Umrah arises if one is to depart from the city
for another place. However, the new streets and suburbs, that have sprung around
the Holy City, are considered part of it. Thus, the pilgrim can visit them after
completing Umrah, whether or not it was necessary to do so.

Rule 154:

If the pilgrim has departed
from Makkah after completing Umrah without ihram and goes beyond the Meqat, two
situations could arise:

if he returns to Makkah within the same month of completing Umrah,
he must enter Makkah without ihram, wear it in Makkah for Hajj and depart for
Arafat;


if he returns to Makkah after the expiry of the month in which he
performed the Umrah,he must repeat it.

Rule 155:

If the obligation of a
person is to perform Hajj-ut-Tamatu', he cannot change it to Ifraad or Qiraan.
There can be an exception, if a pilgrim embarks onUmrat-ut-Tamatu', then finds
the time too limited to complete the Umrah and commence the Hajj, he can change
his intention (niyyah) to Hajj-ul-Ifraad and perform Umrat-ul-Mufradah after the
Hajj.

The test as to how much time would be considered too limited to
complete the Umrah is a matter of difference betweenthe scholars.However,it is
apparent that he must change his intention, if he cannot complete the Umrah
before midday of the staying(wuquf) in Arafat, i.e. the 9th of Thil Hijjah.

Rule 156:

If before embarking on
Umrah, the pilgrim for Tamatu' is aware that his time is too limited to complete
the Umrah, before the zawaal of wuquf at Arafat, changing his intention to
Hajjul Ifraad or Qiraan shall not be sufficient.He must, though, perform
Hajj-ut-Tamatu' after the Umrah, if the pilgrimage was obligatory on him.

Rule 157:

If a pilgrim wears the ihram
for Umrat-ut-Tamatu' in good time, but deliberately delays tawaf and sa'y till
the noon of the 9th of Thil Hijjah, his Umrah is invalid. It is apparent that he
is not permitted to change his intention to Ifraad. However, as a matter of
caution, he must perform tawaf and say the prayers after it, perform the sa'y
and shave or do taqseer with the intention of acceptance as Hajj-ul-Ifraad or
Umrat-ul-Mufradah.