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Surfing with Your Browser
At the top of the window are a bunch of buttons and the Location line, which contains the URL or filename for the current page. Remember that URLs are an important part of Web lore because they’re the secret codes that name all the pages on the Web. For details, see the sidebar “URL!,” earlier in this chapter.The main part of the browser window is taken up by the Web page that you’re looking it. After all, that’s what the browser is for — displaying a Web page! The buttons, bars, and menus around the edge help you find your way around the Web and do things, such as print and save pages.
Getting around
You need two simple skills (if we can describe something as basic as a single mouse-click as a skill) to get going on the Web. One is to move from page to page on the Web, and the other is to jump directly to a page when you know its URL (see the section, “Going places,” later in this chapter).Moving from page to page is easy: Click any link that looks interesting. That’s it. Underlined blue text and blue-bordered pictures are links. (Although links may be a color other than blue, depending on the look the Web page designer is going for, they’re always underlined unless the page is the victim of a truly awful designer.) Anything that looks like a button is probably a link. You can tell when you’re pointing to a link because the mouse pointer changes to a little hand. If you’re not sure whether something is a link, click it anyway because doing so doesn’t hurt anything. Clicking outside a link selects the text you click, as in most other programs.
Technical Stuff Here’s HTML in your eye!
As you may know, Web pages are written in a language called HTML, which includes instructions to tell the browser about text, headings, links, graphics, and anything else a Web page may contain. Each browser reads the HTML information about a page, formats it tastefully, and displays it. Different browsers use different formatting.If you want to see the actual HTML version of a page in your browser, left-click somewhere in the page and in the menu that appears, select View Page Source or View Document Source. <HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Great Tapes for Kids!
www.greattapes.com </TITLE>
<!-- Changed by: Margy Levine Young, 11
-Nov-2003 -->
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
BACKGROUND="back.gif">
<CENTER><IMG SRC="/image/library/english/10047_title.gif" HEIGHT=30
WIDTH=500></CENTER>
<H1>Great Tapes for Kids: A Catalog of
the Best Children’s Video and
Audio Tapes</H1>
Have you ever seen a terrific,
educational tape at a friend’s
house, a tape that your kids
loved, and then never been able
to find the tape for sale? Many
of the best kids’ video- and
audiotapes aren’t in your local
video store, but you can order
them here!
All those brackets surround HTML markings, which tell Web browsers how to format the text and where to put pictures and links. If you want more information about HTML, you can find about a billion Web sites and books on the topic. On the Web, a decent introduction is at www.w3.org/MarkUp/Guide . Book lovers can check out HTML For Dummies by Ed Tittle (published by Wiley Publishing, Inc.).
Backward, ho!
Tip Web browsers remember the last few pages you visited, so if you click a link and decide that you’re not so crazy about the new page, you can easily go back to the preceding one. To go back, click the Back or Previous button on the toolbar (its icon is an arrow pointing to the left, and it’s the left-most button on the toolbar) or press Alt+.
All over the map
Some picture links are image maps, such as the big picture shown in the middle of Figure 18-3. In a regular link, where you click doesn’t matter; on an image map, it does. The image map in Figure 18-3 is typical and has a bunch of obvious places you click for various types of information, either on the map itself to zoom in on a point, or on the symbols at the bottom to move or zoom the whole map.
Figure 18-3: Click the part of the image map that you want to choose.Tip As you move the mouse cursor around a Web page, whenever you’re pointing at a link, the URL of the place it links to may appear in small type at the bottom of the screen. If the link is an image map, it shows the link followed by a question mark and two numbers that are the X and Y positions of where you are on the map. The numbers don’t matter to you (it’s up to the Web server to make sense of them); if you see a pair of numbers counting up and down when you move the mouse, however, you know that you’re on an image map.
Going places
These days, everyone and his dog has a home page. A home page is the main Web page for a person or organization. When you see a URL you want to check out, here’s what you do:
Click in the Location near the top of the Mozilla or Konqueror window.
Type the URL in the box. Browsers let you leave off the http:// part.
The URL is something like http://net.gurus.com — you can just type net.gurus.com. Be sure to erase the URL that appeared before you started typing.
Press Enter.
Tip If you receive URLs in electronic mail, instant messages, documents, Usenet newsgroup messages, or anywhere else on your computer, you can use the standard cut-and-paste techniques and avoid retyping: In KDE, if you merely highlight a URL, it opens a menu asking whether you want to open it in a browser window.Most e-mail programs highlight URLs in e-mail messages. All you have to do is click the highlighted link, and your browser pops up and opens the Web page.Tip You can leave the http:// off the front of URLs when you type them in the Location or Address box. Your browser can guess that part!
Where to start?
A good way to get started is to just explore: Go to the Yahoo! page. Type this URL in the Location or Address box and then press Enter: www.yahoo.com
You go to the Yahoo page, in the middle of which are links to a directory of millions of Web pages by topic. Just nose around, clicking links that look interesting, and clicking the Back button on the toolbar when you make a wrong turn. We guarantee that you’ll find something interesting.For updates to the very book you are holding, go to this URL: net.gurus.com
Follow the links to the page about our books or about the Internet, and then select the pages for readers of UNIX For Dummies, 5th Edition. If we have any late-breaking news about the Internet or updates and corrections to this book, you can find them there. If you find mistakes in this book or have other comments, by the way, please send e-mail to us at This page looks funny
Sometimes a Web page gets garbled on the way in, or you interrupt it (by clicking the Stop button on the toolbar or by pressing the Esc key). You can tell your browser to get the information on the page again: Click the Reload button (the curved arrow).
Get me outta here
Sooner or later, even the most dedicated Web surfer has to stop to eat or attend to other bodily needs. You leave your browser in the same way that you leave any other program: by choosing FileQuit in Mozilla, LocationQuit in Konqueror. You can also click the Close (X) button in the upper-right corner of the window. Or, just leave the program running and walk away from your computer.
