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6.1 Hypertext Basics
A fundamental
feature of hypertext is that you can hyperlink documents; you can
point to another place inside the current document, inside another
document in the local collection, or inside a document anywhere on
the Internet. The documents become an intricately woven web of
information. (Get the name analogy now?) The target document usually
is somehow related to and enriches the source; the linking element in
the source should convey that relationship to the reader.
Hyperlinks can be used for all kinds of effects. They can be used
inside tables of contents and lists of topics. With a click of the
mouse on their browser screen or a press of a key on their keyboard,
readers select and automatically jump to a topic of interest in the
same document or to another document located in an entirely different
collection somewhere around the world.
Hyperlinks also point readers to more information about a mentioned
topic. "For more information, see Kumquats on
Parade," for example. Authors use hyperlinks to
reduce repetitive information. For instance, we recommend you sign
your name to each of your documents. Rather than including full
contact information in each document, you can use a hyperlink to
connect your name to a single document that contains your address,
phone number, and so forth.
A hyperlink, or
anchor in
standard parlance, is marked by the <a> tag
and comes in two flavors. As we describe in detail later, one type of
anchor creates a hot spot in the document that, when activated and
selected (usually with a mouse) by the user, causes the browser to
link. It automatically loads and displays another portion of the same
or another document or triggers some Internet service-related action,
such as sending email or downloading a special file. The other type
of anchor creates a label, a place in a document that can be
referenced as a hyperlink.[1]
[1] Both types of anchors use
the same tag; perhaps that's why they have the same
name. We find it's easier if you differentiate them
and think of the type that provides the hot spot and address of a
hyperlink as the "link" and the
type that marks the target portion of a document as the
"anchor."
There also are some mouse-related events associated with hyperlinks,
which, through JavaScript, let you incorporate some exciting effects.
