Java in a Nutshell, 5th Edition [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

This
is the root class of the Java exception and error hierarchy. All
exceptions and errors are subclasses of Throwable.
The getMessage( ) method retrieves any error
message associated with the exception or error. The default
implemenation of getLocalizedMessage( ) simply
calls getMessage( ), but subclasses may override
this method to return an error message that has been localized for
the default locale.

It is often the case that an Exception or
Error is generated as a direct result of some
other exception or error, perhaps one thrown by a lower-level API. As
of Java 1.4 and later, all Throwable objects may
have a "cause" which specifies the
Throwable that caused this one. If there is a
cause, pass it to the THRowable( ) constructor, or
to the initCause( ) method. When you catch a
Throwable object, you can obtain the
Throwable that caused it, if any, with
getCause( ).

Every THRowable object has information about the
execution stack associated with it. This information is initialized
when the THRowable object is created. If the
object will be thrown somewhere other than where it was created, or
if it caught and will be re-thrown, you can use
fillInStackTrace( ) to capture the current
execution stack before throwing it. printStackTrace(
) prints a textual representation of the stack to the
specified PrintWriter,
PrintStream, or to the
System.err stream. In Java 1.4, you can also
obtain this information with getStackTrace( )
which returns an array of StackTraceElement
objects describing the execution stack.

Figure 10-66. java.lang.Throwable

public class

Throwable implements Serializable {
// Public Constructors
public

Throwable ( );
public

Throwable (String

message );

1.4 public

Throwable (Throwable

cause );

1.4 public

Throwable (String

message , Throwable

cause );
// Public Instance Methods
public Throwable

fillInStackTrace ( ); native synchronized

1.4 public Throwable

getCause ( ); default:null

1.1 public String

getLocalizedMessage ( ); default:null
public String

getMessage ( ); default:null

1.4 public StackTraceElement[ ]

getStackTrace ( );

1.4 public Throwable

initCause (Throwable

cause ); synchronized
public void

printStackTrace ( );
public void

printStackTrace (java.io.PrintStream

s );

1.1 public void

printStackTrace (java.io.PrintWriter

s );

1.4 public void

setStackTrace (StackTraceElement[ ]

stackTrace );
// Public Methods Overriding Object
public String

toString ( );
}

Subclasses

Error, Exception

Passed To

Too many methods to list.

Returned By

java.io.WriteAbortedException.getCause( ),
ClassNotFoundException.{getCause( ),
getException( )},
ExceptionInInitializerError.{getCause( ),
getException( )},
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException.{getCause(
), getTargetException( )},
java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException.{getCause(
), getUndeclaredThrowable( )},
java.security.PrivilegedActionException.getCause(
), java.util.logging.LogRecord.getThrown(
),
javax.xml.transform.TransformerException.{getCause(
), getException( ), initCause(
)}, javax.xml.xpath.XPathException.getCause(
)

Thrown By

Object.finalize( ),
java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler.invoke( )