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5.1. Java Platform Overview


Table 5-1 summarizes the key packages of
the Java platform that are covered in this
book.

Table 5-1. Key packages of the Java platform

Package


Description


java.io


Classes and interfaces for input and
output. Although some of the classes in this package are for working
directly with files, most are for working with streams of bytes or
characters.


java.lang


The core classes of the
language, such as String, Math,
System, THRead, and
Exception.


java.lang.annotation


Annotation types and other supporting types for the Java 5.0
annotation feature. (See Chapter 4.)


java.lang.instrument


Support classes for Java virtual machine instrumentation
agents, which are
allowed to modify the byte code of the program the JVM is running.
New in Java 5.0.


java.lang.management


A framework for monitoring and managing a running Java virtual
machine. New in Java 5.0.


java.lang.ref


Classes that define weak references
to objects. A weak reference is one that does not prevent the
referent object from being garbage-collected.


java.lang.reflect


Classes and interfaces that allow Java
programs to reflect on themselves by examining the constructors,
methods, and fields of classes.


java.math


A small package that contains
classes for arbitrary-precision integer and floating-point
arithmetic.


java.net


Classes and interfaces for networking with
other systems.


java.nio


Buffer classes for the New I/O API. Added in Java 1.4.


java.nio.channels


Channel and selector interfaces and
classes for high-performance, nonblocking I/O.


java.nio.charset


Character set
encoders and decoders for converting Unicode strings to and from
bytes.


java.security


Classes and interfaces for access
control and authentication. This package and its subpackages support
cryptographic message digests and digital signatures.


java.text


Classes
and interfaces for working with text in internationalized
applications.


java.util


Various utility classes, including the
powerful collections framework for working with collections of
objects.


java.util.concurrent


Thread pools and other utility classes for concurrent programming.
Subpackages support atomic variables and locks. New in Java
5.0.


java.util.jar


Classes
for reading and writing JAR files.


java.util.logging


A flexible logging facility. Added in
Java 1.4.


java.util.prefs


An API to read and write user and system
preferences. Added in Java 1.4.


java.util.regex


Text pattern matching using regular
expressions. Added in Java 1.4.


java.util.zip


Classes for reading and writing ZIP files.


javax.crypto


Classes
and interfaces for encryption and decryption of data.


javax.net


Defines factory classes for
creating sockets and server sockets. Enables the creation of socket
types other than the default.


javax.net.ssl


Classes for encrypted network
communication using the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).


javax.security.auth


The top-level package for the JAAS API
for authentication and authorization. Various subpackages hold most
of the actual classes. Added in Java 1.4.


javax.xml.parsers


A high-level API for parsing XML
documents using pluggable DOM and SAX parsers.


javax.xml.transform


A high-level API for transforming XML
documents using a pluggable XSLT transformation engine and for
converting XML documents between streams, DOM trees, and SAX events.
Subpackages provide support for DOM, SAX and stream transformations.
Added in Java 1.4.

Table 5-1 does not
list all the packages in the Java platform, only the most important
of those documented in this book. Java also defines numerous packages
for graphics and graphical user interface programming and
for distributed, or enterprise, computing. The graphics and GUI
packages are java.awt and
javax.swing and their many subpackages. These
packages are documented in

Java Foundation Classes in a
Nutshell and

Java Swing , both from
O'Reilly. The enterprise packages of Java
include java.rmi, java.sql,
javax.jndi, org.omg.CORBA,
org.omg.CosNaming, and all of their subpackages.
These packages, as well as several standard extensions to the Java
platform, are documented in

Java Enterprise in a
Nutshell (O'Reilly).


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