Managing Files and Folders
- File systems supported by Windows XP are FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS.
- The most universally supported file system is FAT16.
- For dual-boot computers, both operating systems must support the file system to share the partition.
- When installing a computer to dual-boot between two operating systems, you should install the older OS before installing Windows XP.
- A copied file always inherits its new parent folder's compression state. A file that is moved within the same NTFS volume retains its original compression state. A file that is moved from one NTFS volume to a different NTFS volume inherits its new parent folder's compression state. Moving or copying compressed files from NTFS to FAT16 or FAT32 volumes loses compression.
- NTFS is required for compression or encryption or individually applied permissions.
- The command to convert a FAT partition to NTFS is convert c: /fs:ntfs, where c: is the drive letter for the disk partition that you are converting. You cannot convert an NTFS volume back to FAT.
- Advanced attributes of a file or folder on an NTFS partition enable you to either compress or encryptthese two attributes are mutually exclusive.
- Table 4 lists the NTFS permissions that can be applied to folders and/or files. NTFS permissions enable an administrator to grant or deny folder and file access to users and groups.
Table 4. NTFS Permissions Are Applicable to Files and Folders | NTFS Permission | File or Folder Permission? | Result When Granted |
|---|
| Full Control | Both | Grants full access to a file or to a folder's contentsread, write, modify, change permissions, take ownership, and delete. | | Modify | Both | Grants read, write, modify, and delete rights, as well as the right to read permissions of a file or folder. | | Read & Execute | Both | Grants the right to execute or open a file and to read it, as well as the right to read its attributes and permissions. For a folder, this right applies to all the files within the folder. | | List Folder Contents | Folder | Grants the right to open a folder, read its attributes and permissions, and to list the files and subfolders within it. Does not allow the user to execute any files within the folder. | | Read | Both | Grants the right to list a file or folder, and read its attributes and permissions. Does not allow the user to execute a file or any files within a folder. | | Write | Both | Grants the right to save changes to a file, to create new files, and to change attributes of a file. |
- Permissions applied to folders are inherited by subfolders unless you select the This Folder Only option when applying the permissions.
- A user's actual permissions are the resulting collective allowed rights that have flowed down from upper-level folders plus explicitly assigned permissions at that level as long as there are no denied rights. Denied rights override allowed rights.
- Conflicting permissions for users who are members of multiple groups is a common problem to encounter on the exam. Not only should you be aware that Deny permissions always override Allow permissions, but explicit permissions always override inherited permissions.
- Moving and copying files and folders on NTFS volumes can affect permissions, as described in Table 5.
Table 5. Moving and Copying Files on NTFS Volumes May Change Permissions | Operation | Resulting Permissions |
|---|
| Move a file or folder to another location on the same NTFS volume. | The file or folder retains its original permissions. | | Move a file or folder to a different NTFS volume. | The file or folder inherits new permissions from the new parent folder. | | Copy a file or folder to another location on the same NTFS volume. | The file or folder inherits new permissions from the new parent folder. | | Copy a file or folder to a different NTFS volume. | The file or folder inherits new permissions from the new parent folder. |
- Be on the lookout for questions that say that a user can access a file locally, but not across the network. These are indicative of NTFS and share permission conflicts.
- You can use the command net share to create or delete a shared folder. To create a new shared folder, type net share MYSHARE=c:\mydata.
- There are three possible share permissions to grant or deny: Full Control, Change, and Read.
- You can hide shares by adding a $ symbol at the end of the name. All administrative shares are hidden. These are C$, ADMIN$, IPC$, PRINT$, and FAX$.
- The Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) protocol acts as a redirector to enable users to read and save documents via the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) when you share web folders.
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