Adobe Photoshop CS2 CLASSROOM IN A BOOK [Electronic resources] نسخه متنی

1.

Select the Zoom tool (), and click the black oval on the right side of the image window to zoom in to at least 100% view (use 200% view if the entire oval will fit in the image window on your screen).

2.

Select the Elliptical Marquee tool () hidden under the Rectangular Marquee tool.

3.

Move the pointer over the oval, and drag diagonally across the oval to create a selection, but do not release the mouse button. It's OK if your selection does not match the oval shape yet.

If you accidently release the mouse button, draw the selection again. In most casesincluding this onethe new selection replaces the previous one.

4.

Still holding down the mouse button, press the spacebar and continue to drag the selection. The border moves as you drag.

5.

Carefully release the spacebar (but not the mouse button) and continue to drag, trying to make the size and shape of the selection match the oval as closely as possible. If necessary, hold down the spacebar again and drag to move the selection marquee into position around the black oval.

NoteYou do not have to include absolutely all of the black oval, but make sure that the shape of your selection has the same proportions as the oval and that the thin brown line is contained symmetrically within the selection. As long as the selection marquee is between the brown line and the outer edge, you're fine.

6.

When the selection border is sized and positioned correctly, release the mouse button.

7.

Choose View > Zoom Out or use the slider in the Navigator palette to reduce the zoom view so that you can see all of the objects in the image window.

Leave the Elliptical Marquee tool () and the selection active for the next exercise.

1.

If the black oval is not still selected, repeat the previous exercise to select it.

Leave the Elliptical Marquee tool () selected in the toolbox.

2.

Hold down Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS), and move the Elliptical Marquee tool pointer within the selection. The pointer icon now includes a pair of scissors () to indicate that the selection will be cut from its current location.

NoteWhen you use the Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) keyboard shortcut to temporarily switch to the Move tool, you can release the keyboard key after you start to drag. The Move tool remains active even after you release the mouse button. Photoshop reverts to the previously selected tool when you deselect, either by clicking outside the selection or using the Deselect command.

3.

Drag the oval onto the book so that it is roughly centered. (You'll use another technique to nudge the oval into the exact position in a minute.) Release the mouse button but do not deselect the black oval.

1.

In the toolbox, select the Move tool () and press the Up Arrow key () on your keyboard a few times to move the oval upward.

Notice that each time you press the arrow key, the oval moves 1 pixel. Experiment by pressing the other arrow keys to see how they affect the selection.

2.

Hold down Shift, and press an arrow key.

Notice that the selection now moves in a 10-pixel increment.

Sometimes the border around a selected area can distract you as you make adjustments. You can hide the edges of a selection temporarily without actually deselecting and then display the selection border once you've completed the adjustments.

3.

Choose View > Show > Selection Edges or View > Extras.

Either command makes the selection border around the oval disappear.

4.

Use the arrow keys to nudge the oval until it is positioned where you want it. Then choose View > Show > Selection Edges to toggle visibility of the selection border back on.

5.

Choose Select > Deselect, or press Ctrl-D (Windows) or Command-D (Mac OS).

1.

If necessary, scroll to the lower left area of the image where the globe appears.

2.

Select the Zoom tool () and click the globe as needed to increase the magnification to about 300%. Make sure that you can see the entire globe in your image window.

3.

In the toolbox, select the Elliptical Marquee tool ().

4.

Move the pointer to the approximate center of the globe. You can use the equator and the top of the metal arms that hold the globe as visual guides to help you locate the center.

5.

Click and begin dragging. Then, without releasing the mouse button, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) and continue dragging the selection to the outer edge of the globe.

Notice that the selection is centered over its starting point.

To ensure that your selection is a perfect circle, you can also hold down Shift as you drag. If you held down Shift while using the Rectangular Marquee tool, you would constrain the marquee shape to a perfect square.

6.

When you have the entire globe selected, release the mouse button first and then release Alt or Option (and the Shift key if you used it). Do not deselect, because you'll use this selection in the next topic.

7.

If necessary, adjust the selection border using one of the methods you learned earlier. If you accidentally released the Alt or Option key before you released the mouse button, try selecting the globe again.

1.

Choose View > Fit on Screen to adjust the magnification so that the entire image fits within the image window.

2.

In the toolbox, select the Move tool ().

3.

Position the pointer within the globe selection. The pointer becomes an arrow with a pair of scissors (), which indicates that dragging the selection will cut it from its current location and move it to the new location.

4.

Drag the globe over the book image to the right of center. If you want to adjust the position after you stop dragging, simply start dragging again. The globe remains selected throughout the process.

5.

Choose Image > Adjustments > Invert.

The colors making up the globe are inverted so that now it is effectively a color negative of itself.

6.

Leaving the globe selected, choose File > Save to save your work.

1.

With the Move tool () selected, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you position the pointer inside the globe selection. The pointer becomes a double arrow, which indicates that a duplicate will be made when you move the selection.

2.

Continue holding down Alt or Option, and drag a duplicate of the globe down and to the right, so that it is near the upper right corner of the book image. You can allow the duplicate globe to partially overlap the original one. Release the mouse button and the Alt or Option key, but do not deselect the duplicate globe.

3.

Choose Edit > Transform > Scale. A bounding box appears around the selection.

4.

Hold down Shift and drag one of the corner points to enlarge the globe so that it becomes about 50% larger than the original. Then, press Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS) to commit the change and remove the transformation bounding box.

Notice that the selection marquee also resizes, and that the resized, copied globe remains selected. The Shift key constrains the proportions so that the enlarged globe is not distorted.

5.

Hold down Shift-Alt (Windows) or Shift-Option (Mac OS), and drag a new copy of the second globe down and to the right.

Holding down Shift when you move a selection constrains the movement horizontally or vertically in 45-degree increments.

6.

Repeat Steps 3 and 4 for the third globe, making it about twice the size of the first one.

7.

When you are satisfied with the size and position of the third globe, choose Select > Deselect, and then choose File > Save.

Copying selections or layers

You can use the Move tool to copy selections as you drag them within or between images, or you can copy and move selections using the Copy, Copy Merged, Cut, and Paste commands. Dragging with the Move tool saves memory because the Clipboard is not used as it is with the Copy, Copy Merged, Cut, and Paste commands.

Photoshop has several copy and paste commands:

Copy copies the selected area on the active layer.

Copy Merged makes a merged copy of all the visible layers in the selected area.

Paste pastes a cut or copied selection into another part of the image or into another image as a new layer.

Paste Into pastes a cut or copied selection inside another selection in the same or a different image. The source selection is pasted onto a new layer, and the destination selection border is converted into a layer mask.

Keep in mind that when a selection or layer is pasted between images with different resolutions, the pasted data retains its pixel dimensions. This can make the pasted portion appear out of proportion to the new image. Use the Image Size command to make the source and destination images the same resolution before copying and pasting.