بیشترلیست موضوعاتDownloading the EncyclopediaIntroductionVERSION 2.0
Chapter 1.a
VERSION 2.0Quran and Ahlul-BaytWhy
School of Ahlul-Bayt?
Who are Ahlul-Bayt?
Part iPart iiPart iiiPart ivPart vPart viPart viiThe Word House (Ahlul-Bayt) in QuranSunni Feedback on the Issues of Infallibility
and Ahlul-Bayt
Chapter 1.b
VERSION 2.0Who Offended the Blind?
Infallibility of the Prophets
Part iPart iiPart iii
Leadership and Infallibility
Part iPart ii
The Twelve Imams
Part iPart iiThe Holy Quran and the Pure ImamsThe Reward of Loving Ahlul-BaytHow to Send Greetings to Prophet
Muhammad?Is Being a Member of a Party Forbidden in
Islam?The Term "Shia" in Quran and
Hadithal-Azhar Verdict on the Shia
Chapter 2
VERSION 2.0The Last LuminarySunni Documentation on Imam al-Mahdi (AS) Special specifications of Imam al-Mahdi (AS)
Necessity of the Existence of Imam al-Mahdi
(AS) More on Imam al-Mahdi (AS) The Knowledge of the Unseen & the
Knowledge of the BookSome Traditions on the Virtues of Imam Ali
(AS)
Chapter 3
VERSION 1.5
Caliphate of Imam Ali (AS)
The Major Difference Between the Shia and
the Sunni
Ghadir Khum
Part iPart iiPart iiiCertainly your Master is .Who is the successor of the Prophet
(PBUH&HF)?The Prophet Announcing His Successor in
His First PreachHow is This Possible?The Opinion of Imam Ali (AS) on
Caliphate
Chapter 4
VERSION 1.5Respecting the Righteous CompanionsA Shi'ite View of the CompanionsThe Tragedy of ThursdayConspiracy Against Imam Ali (AS)Attacking the House of Fatimah (AS)Usurping the Land of FadakLady Fatimah (AS) protests against Abu Bakr's
ActionsMore Facts on FadakA short history of Fadak after the
Martyrdom of Fatima
Chapter 5.a
VERSION 1.5Muawiyah and Abusing Imam Ali (AS)More on MuawiyahDevelopment of History and Hadith
Collections
Islam of Abu Talib (Parts I through IV)
Part iPart iiPart iiiPart ivWas Azar the Father of Prophet Abraham?Who was Umm Kulthum the wife of Umar?On the Companions who Murdered UthmanThe Innovations of the Early CaliphsAre Munafiqeen Counted Among the Sahabah?Shia vs. Iran
Chapter 5.b
VERSION 1.5Imam Husain (AS): A brief Description and
AnalysisSome Traditions on Imam al-Husain (AS)Reasons Behind the Commemoration of Imam
al-Husain (AS)Did Imam al-Husain (AS) Know He Would Be
killed?The Martyred Ones
Tragedy of Karbala as reported by the Sunnis
Part iPart iiPart iiiPart ivPart vPart viPart viiPart viiiPart ix
Chapter 6.a
VERSION 2.0
Temporary Marriage in Islam:
Part 1: Evidences From Quran and the Sunni
CommentariesPart 2: Evidences From the Sunni Hadith
CollectionsPart 3: Evidences From the Sunni
History/Fiqh/Misc. BooksPart 4: Some Contradicting ReportsPart 5: Purpose of Marriage; Prohibition of
Illegal Sex & AlcoholPart 6: Similarities and Differences of
Mut'a and Regular MarriagePart 7: The Necessities and the
Advantages of Mut'aPart 8: Some Frequently Asked Questions on
Mut'aDebate on the Legitimacy of Mut'a:
Chapter 6.b
VERSION 1.5
al-Taqiyya/Dissimulation
Part iPart iiPart iiiKhums (one fifth)Tawassul (Resorting to Intermediary)Evidence for Tawassul by a Sunni WriterDid Muhammad Receive Revelation by
Mistake?!
Imamat vs. Prophethood
Part iPart iiFinality of the Prophethood
Chapter 7
VERSION 1.5
The Shia/Sunni Jurisprudence:
Shia ScholarsThe Rules of Modesty (according to five
Schools)Fasting (according to five Schools)Call for Prayer (Adhan) and Ablution
(Wudu)Joining Prayers and Other related
IssuesPrayer (according to five Schools)
Chapter 8
VERSION 1.5
Shia/Sunni and Quran:
Belief of Shia in the Completeness of
QuranDifferent Arrangements of QuranSome Sunni Reports on the
Incompleteness of QuranThe Quran Compiled by Imam Ali (AS)Tabarsi and incompleteness of QuranThe Book of Fatimah (AS)Can ANY human do that?Early Debates on the Integrity of the
Quran (Incomplete)
Chapter 9
VERSION 1.5Outline of DifferencesTraditions which falsely allege physical
attributes to AllahAbu Huraira vs. PaulSimilarities of Jews/Christians/MuslimsIbn Taymiya and his WorksThe Wahhabis
Chapter 10
VERSION 1.5
Abdullah Ibn Saba
Part iPart iiPart iiiPart ivPart v
Kaab al-Ahbar
Part iPart iiPart iii
Chapter 11
VERSION 1.5Kumail's Invocation and other
SupplicationsFree Will and FatalismDivine Justice and the Problem of EvilSome traditions from al-Kafi on the place of
reason in religionSome stories on Imam Ali (AS)Islamic Scientistsتوضیحاتافزودن یادداشت جدید Islam of Abu Talib (Part 4 of 4)Certainly what has been said about this topic in the last parts, must haveleft some questions unanswered, and this article would focus on theattitude adopted by Abu Talib ( May Allah bless his soul ) towards hisnephew, the Prophet Muhammad ( Peace be upon him and his cleansed progeny), and his contribution towards spreading Islam, and the declaration of hisfaith in several occasions reported by the Sunnis.The readers of Islamic History know how the Quraish clans delivered to AbuTalib an ultimatum, to stop his nephew from defaming their fathers andbelittling their gods and ridiculing their minds; otherwise, they wouldconfront him and the Prophet (PBUH&HF) on a battlefield untill one of thetwo parties perished.Abu Talib had no doubt that his acceptance of theQuraishite challenge meant his death and total annihilation of his clan;yet he did not pressure his nephew to stop his campaign.He only informedhim of the Qurashite ultimatum, and he told him kindlySave me and yourself, my nephew, and burden me not with what I cannotbear.When the messenger rejected the ultimatum, declaring to his uncle that hewould not exchange his message with the possesion of the whole universe,Abu Talib immediately reversed his attitude and decided to go along withthe Messenger to the end.This is evident from the statement he made to theprophet (PBUH&HF)Come back, my nephew, go on, say what ever you like.I shall neverlet you down at any time.Sunni references- Ibn Husham, Biography of the Prophet, v 1 p 266- Tabaqat of Ibn Sa'ad, v 1 p 186- History of Tabari, v 2 p 218- Deewan e Abu Talib, p 24- Sharah of Ibn al Hadid, v 3 p 306- History of Ibn Katheer, v 2 p 258- History of Abul Fida, v 1 p 117- Al Seerah al Halabiyyah, v 1 p 306Abu Talib fulfilled this huge promise with distinction.When a Meccan threwsome dirt on the Messenger while he was prostrating, Abu Talib went onbrandishing his sword and holding the hand of his nephew untill he came tothe sacred mosque.A group of the enemies were sitting there, and when someof them tried to stand for Abu Talib, he said to themBy the One in whom Muhammad (PBUH&HF) believes, if any one from youstands up I will hit him with my sword.See few lines later below for the Sunni references.When a person wants to swear, he swears by something that has sanctity forhim, and not something that he does not believe in it.The abovediplomatic/political statement proves for those who have intelligience thathe believed in the God of Muhammad (PBUH&HF), The One, The Great.Then Abu Talib asked the Prophet (PBUH&HF) who was the person responsiblefor the shameful act, and upon his ( Prophet's ) answer, Hamza asinstructed by Abu Talib smeared the dust on the individuals who showedanimosity towards the Prophet (PBUH&HF).It was on this occasion that AbuTalib said :I believe that Mohammed's faith is the best of all the religionsof the Universe.Sunni references- Khazanatal Adaab by Khateeb Baghdadi, v 1 p 261- Tareekh of Ibn Katheer, v 3 p 42- Sharh of Ibn al Hadid, v 3 p 306- History of Abul Fida, v 1 p 120- Fath al Bari ( Sharah of Sahih Bukhari ), v 7 p 153- Al Isaba, v 4 p 116- Al Seerah Al Halebiyyah, v 1 p 305- Talba tul Talib, p 5The above highlighted part is another obvious statement which proves hisIslam.The Quraish could see that despite their obstructive efforts the progressof Islam had continued.They now decided to put an end to the Prophet andhis family in a state of siege and excommunication till they were all doneaway with.With this end in view a pact was drawn, to which each tribe wasa party and it was to the effect that none should have marital ties withBanu Hashim or do any buying or selling with them; and none was toassociate with them or allow any provision to them.This was to continuetill the Prophet's family handed him over for execution.This pact was thenhung on the door of the Kaaba.Thus forced Abu Talib with the whole familymoved to a mountain cave known as ' Shi'b Abi Talib '.Now the Hashmiteswere entirely alienated from the rest of the town dewelers.The fortresswas also beleagured at times by the Quraish to enforce the ban in all itsrigour, and to prevent the possibility of supplies.They found themselvessometimes reduced to starvation for want of supplies.Under constantsurveillance by the Quraish, Abu Talib even feared night attacks and forthis reason he was on guard for the safety of Muhammad (PBUH&HF), and oftenchaged room as a precaution aganist sudden violence.At the close of the third year of the Interdict, Mohammad (PBUH&HF) toldhis uncle Abu Talib, that Allah had shown His disapproval of the conventionagainst him, and had sent out worms to eat every word of the documentplaced in the Kaaba, except His own name written thereon.Abu Talib believing his nephew (PBUH&HF) as the receiver of the revelationsfrom heavens, unhesitantly went to the Quraish and told them what Muhammad(PBUH&HF) had spoken.The discussion is recorded as followsMuhammad has informed us and I ask you to confirm it for yourselves.For if it is true then I ask you to rethink, instead of troublingMuhammad or putting our patience to the test.Believe us, we wouldprefer to lay down our lives; rather hand over Muhammad to you.And ifMuhammad proves to be wrong in his words, then we would hand overMuhammad to you unconditionally.Then you have the liberty of treatinghim any way you like; kill him or keep him alive.To these proposals of Abu Talib, the Quraish agreed upon to inspect thedocument, and to their ashtonishment they found it worm eaten; only thename of Allah was still there and no more, and they said that it was anenchantment of Muhammad (PBUH&HF).Abu Talib enraged upon the Quraish anddemanded that the document be declared void and the ban be removed.Then heclutched to one end of the cloth of the Kaaba, as he raised the second handin the air and prayedO Lord ! Help us against those, who have subjugated us totorture ...Sunni references :- Tabaqat of Ibne Sa'ad, v 1 p 183- Seerah of Ibn Hisham, v 1 p 399 and p 404- Aiwanul Ikbar by Qutaiybah, v 2 p 151- Tareekhe Yaqoobi, v 2 p 22- Al Istiab, v 2 p 57- Khazantul Ihbab by Khateeb Baghdadi, v 1 p 252- History of Ibn Katheer, v 3 p 84- Al Khasais al Kubra, v 1 p 151- Al Seerah Al Halebiyyah, v 1 p 286Once during the childhood of the Prophet (PBUH&HF) on the occasion of ascarcity of rains Abu Talib took him (PBUH&HF) to the Holy Kaaba andstanding with his back touching the wall of the sanctuary lifted up theProphet (PBUH&HF) in his lap and sought medium in his prayers to theAlmighty for the rains.The Prophet (PBUH&HF) also joined him in hisprayers with his face upturned.The prayers were not finished when theclouds began to appear and the rain fell in torrents.This incident isalluded in the following verses composed by Abu Talib:Don't you see that we have found Mohammed a prophet like Moses;he is already predicted in the previous Scriptures.He is the illumined face which is the medium for the rains; he isthe spring for the orphan and a protector for the widow.Sunni references- Sharah of Bukhari by Qastalani, v 2 p 227- Al Seerah Al Halebeyah, v 1 p 125Another verse that testify's to the belief of Abu Talib is as followsTo exalt him He derived his name from His own; the One onHigh is called Mahmud while He named him MohammedThere is no doubt that Allah appointed Muhammed as a prophet,therefore Ahmed is the most exalted personality in the entireUniverse.Sunni references- Dalail al-Nubuwwah, by Abu Nu'aym, v 1 p 6- History of Ibn Asakeer, v 1 p 275- Sharah of Ibn al Hadid, v 3 p 315- History of Ibn Katheer, v 1 p 266- Tareekhe Khamees, v 1 p 254Abu Talib was a man of great faith and had strong belief in thetruthfulness of Mohammed (PBUH&HF).He lived with that mission for abouteleven years, and the difficulties for Muhammad and him increased in sizeby the passage of time.This was especially noticeable after his death,since the Quraish subjected him to more sufferings; sufferings that werenot imaginable during the life time of Abu Talib.Ibn Abbas narrates atradition that when a person from the Quraish put dirt on his head, he wenthome.It was on this occasion that the Prophet (PBUH&HF) remarked :...The Quraish never met me with such treatment during the life timeof Abu Talib, since they were cowards ...Sunni references- History of Tabari, v 2 p 229- History of Ibn Asakeer, v 1 p 284- Mustadrak of Al Hakim, v 2 p 622- History of Ibn Katheer, v 3 p 122- Al Faiq by Al Zamakshari, v 2 p 213- Tareekhe Khamees, v 1 p 253- Al Serah Al Halebiyyah, v 1 p 375- Fathul Bari, v 7 p 153 and p 154- Seerah of Ibn Husham, v 2 p 58The Marriage Ceremony of the Prophet (PBUH&HF)--- Abu Talib addresses the men of Quraysh, who were present at the marriageceremony as follows:Praise be to Allah Who made us from the seed of Abraham and progeny ofIshmael.He granted as a Sacred house and a place of pilgrimage.Hemade us to dwell in a secure sanctuary (haram), to which the fruits ofeverything are brought.He made us, moreover, arbiters in men'saffairs, and blessed for us this land in which we dwell.Then he said:Were Muhammad (PBUH&HF), the son of my brother 'Abdullah son of AbdulMuttalib ', to be weighed any man among the Arabs, he would excel him.Nor would any man be comparable to him.He is peerless among men, eventhough he is a man of little welath.Yet riches are only transientpossesions, and an epheramel security.He has expressed a desire forKhadijah, and she likewise has shown interest in him.As for any bridegift (mahr) you demand, both the part to be presented now and the onepresented at a later date - it will be of my own wealth.Sunni reference:- Seerah al-Halabiyyah, vol 1 p 139Abu Talib's (May Allah bless his soul) last breathIn spite of his concealing his faith, Abu Talib, on more than one occasionmade his belief in Islam clearly known (as already mentioned above) longbefore his death.But it would be interesting to quote his saying at hisdeathbed.While on his death bed, Abu Talib said to the Hashimites :I command you to be good to Mohammed.He is the most trustwortyof the Quraish and the ever truthful of the Arabs.He brought amessage which is accepted by the heart and denied by the tonguefor fear of hostility.By God whoever walks in the way ofMohammed shall be on the right road and whoever follows hisguidance shall have the happy future.And you Hashimites, respond to Muhammaed's invitation and believehim.You will succeed and be well guided; certainly he is theguide to the right path.Sunni references- Al Muhabil Dunya, v 1 p 72- Tareekhe Khamees, v 1 p 339- Balughul Adaab, v 1 p 327- Al Seerah Al Halebeyah, v 1 p 375- Sunni al Mutalib, p 5- Uruzul Anaf, v 1 p 259- Tabaqat of Ibn Sa'ad, v 1 p 123It is reported in the book of al-Bayhaqi (Dalail al-Nubuwwah) that when AbuTalib was at the point of death, he was seen moving his lips.al Abbas (theProphet's uncle) bent down to listen to what he was saying.he then liftedhis head and said:By Allah, he has uttered the word which you requested,O Messenger of Allah!.Sunni references:- Dalail al-Nubuwwah by al-Bayhaqi, vol 2 p 101- Ibn Hisham, Cairo Edition, p146 as quoted in Siratun Nabi, by ShibliNumani, v1, pp 219-220Also in the same book, it is related that the Prophet (saw) stood at thefuneral of Abu Talib and said:You have indeed acted kindly to your next of kin;may you be well rewarded, O uncle.Sunni references:- Dalail al-Nubuwwah by al-Bayhaqi, vol 2 p 101- Ibid, vol 2 p 103- History of Khateeb Baghdadi, vol 13 p 196- History of Ibn Katheer, vol 3 p 125- al Isaba, vol 4 p 116- Tadhkirat Sibt, p 2- History of Yaquubi, vol 2 p26Some Shi'ite references on Abu TalibAbu Abdillah, Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (AS) said:The case of Abu Talib was like that of the peopleof the Cave [Quran 18:9-26]; they concealed theirfaith and disclosed shirk.Yet Allah bestowed uponthem double reward.Shia Reference:- al Kulayni in al Kafi, vol 1 p 448- al Amini, al Ghadir, vol 7 p 330In another tradition, Imam Jafer al-Sadiq (AS) said:While Imam Ali (AS) was sitting with Ruhbah in Kufa, surroundedby a group, a man stood up and said : ' Commander of the Believers,you are in this great position at which God has placed you whileyour father is suffering in hell.' The Imam replied, saying : Besilent.May God disfigure your mouth.By the One Who sentMohammed (PBUH&HF) with the truth, if my father intercedes forevery sinner on the face of the earth, God would accept hisintercession.Shia reference: al-Ihtijaj, by al-Tabarsi, v1, p341Now, I would like to end this discussion with the following thoughtfulquestions:- Why is it that we accuse Abu Talib of paganism, when hechose to believe in the Prophet's (PBUH&HF) message and declaredit by political statements and sometimes by frank declarations?- What benefit does it have for us to daclare him Kafir whenthere are strong proofs to the contrary? Do we get any otherbenefit except to make ourselves Kafir by pronouncing one of theearly Muslim as Kafir?- Why do we accuse him of paganism when he defended theProphet (PBUH&HF) by all of what he had of men andmeans? Why do we attribute paganism to such a personalitywho was so benevolent to all the Muslims by guarding thelife of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH&HF) for 11 years ?- Why do we attribute paganism to the man who read the Nikahfor the Prophet (PBUH&HF) ? How can your mind comprehendthe notion of a pagan/disbeliever carrying out the ceremonyof the marriage for a Prophet?- Isn't this ungratefulness in the worst form ?- Isn't this the worst insult in reward of the great favor thathe did for the Prophet (PBUH&HF) ?Indeed his presence in relation to the continuity of Islam was NOTincidental and we Muslims all owe him! May Allah grant us his intersession.End of Part 4 of 4***************************************************************************=Some Side Comments on Abu Talib=I brother mentionedI had a carefull examination of what you wrote but one thing is notclear wheather Abu Talib did ever uttered 'my god'.So far youinformed there is that Abu Talib several times uttered ' Mohammed'sgod' and seemed he had faith in that god but he could never say 'mygod'.That obviously reveals that he never explicitly uttered Islamicbelief although it seems that he believed it.Here I present two references that testify to the fact thatAbu Talib uttered the credo of Islam before his death.I amsure that I cited this reference in Part # 2 of my article ( s ),perhaps you missed it ...Ibn Ishaq says that while dying Abu Talib's lips were in motion.Abbaswho was an unbeliever till then put his ear to the lips and then saidto the Prophet that he was reciting the KALIMA the Prophet had wantedof him.- Ibn Hisham, Cairo Edition, p 146 ( as quoted by Shibli Numani )A similar tradition is as follows ...Abu Talib moved his lips as he was about to die.Abbas thenheard what he uttered, and he said to the Prophet that Abu Talibhad uttered the KALIMA that was required by you.- Tarike Abul Fida, V 1 p 120Thus his Shahadah before his death is established by the Sunni historians.However my argument was that he UTTERED shahadah from the very begining ofIslam, but NOT in public.So it is natural that no explicit proof for thatcould be found in the history, for history is written based on the publicnews (and not private ones!).However, there are implicit proofs in thehistory which could lead even Sunnis to believe that he was a Muslim longbefore his death.One could be what you refered to.He said to theunbelievers that "I swear by the God of Muhammad!".Does history haveanother example where an unbeliever swears by the name of God who does notbelieve? When one wants to seawr, he/she swears by something that iseminent for him/her.Otherwise he/she does not make his statement any morecredible for others.Let me give you an example.If a man goes to courthere in USA, if he is Christian he will have to swear by Bible.But if hedeclares to be non-Christian, then he will have to swear by his holy book(or any imortant thing otherwise) and not the bible because his swear bybible does not make the court convinced because he performed the oath.Please think about it.Quraish have had many important Gods at that time(like Hubal and Uzza).Why should Abu Talib leave all of them beside andswears by the God that he does not believe in?!The Sunni brother further commented:Is it possible for some one to be a Muslim without explicitlypronouncing this belief ? True, he was a monothiest and not a Mushrik.But All monotheists are not Muslim.Your kind opinion please ....Islam is the state of submission in ones heart.A Hypocite, though declaresthat he is Muslim, is indeed non-Muslim.For this very reason, it isdifficult to judge if one is Muslim or not.However you are right.One hasto utter Shahadah to become Muslim, but he does NOT have to do it in publicif he fears of prosecution or if he finds out that by concealing his beliefhe can serve better to his nobel thoughts.This is called Taqiyyah.So onecan Utter his Shahadah privately (for instance when he is alone or when heis with the Prophet (PBUH&HF) alone) and he will be Muslim.In fact Taqiyyah and hypocracy are two opposite extremes.I have a file onthat which I will send you shortly Insha Allah, which proves it from Quranand the Hadith prespective as well as Logic.