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Customizing Computers for Accessibility
Windows 2000 installs accessibility options automatically. Users cannot delete built-in accessibility options from the operating system after they are installed, including those options available in Accessibility Wizard or Control Panel.
NOTE
Even if all of an individual user's data and applications are stored centrally, some user settings are stored on the local computer. When you perform a clean installation, these settings and data must be preserved and reapplied to the system after the installation.
Windows Installer
Windows Installer is a Windows 2000 technology that allows the operating system to install, maintain, and remove software on client computers. The service includes self-repairing applications. If an application is missing or damaged, Windows Installer reinstates the missing files the next time the user tries to open them. The self-repairing feature can alter selected options upon reinstallation. By using Group Policy settings, you can modify Windows Installer to prevent the self-repairing feature from altering options you have customized for accessibility purposes.For more detailed information about Windows Installer, see "Customizing and Automating Installations" in this book.
Group Policy
Group Policy is important to administrators who support users with disabilities because you can ensure that accessibility features and settings are available. You can publish applications for groups of users who have assistive needs. And you can verify that the Group Policy settings that are applied to your users or computers allow a flexible UI and include compatibility with external software tools.For more detailed information about Group Policy, see "Group Policy" in the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Server Resource Kit Distributed Systems Guide.
User Profiles
A user profile is a user-environment setting that users with disabilities can change to suit their accessibility needs. For accessibility purposes, it is important to consider setup options that maintain individual user profiles.
Automatic Logon
For many users, the step that requires pressing CTRL+ALT+DEL before logging on to a computer is difficult, if not impossible. Some users select the StickyKeys option to allow them to use CTRL+ALT+DEL. But others might prefer to log on without this step. The automatic logon feature allows users to bypass this keyboard shortcut and go directly to the logon process, which requires the correct name and password. An administrator can customize the computer to allow a user to log on without using CTRL+ALT+DEL.To change the default option for CTRL+ALT+DEL before logging on to a Windows 2000 Professional computer
In Control Panel, double-click Users and Passwords.Click the Advanced tab.Click the Require users to press CTRL+ALT+DEL before logging on check box to clear it.
Multiple User Profiles
You can use Accessibility Wizard to set multiple user profiles. The next user to log on to Windows 2000 can change the settings without deleting the previous settings. Individual settings are restored the next time a user logs on. This feature allows users or administrators to set the user's preferences. Windows 2000 automatically presets features to default for other users. When accessibility features are turned off, users who do not need them do not notice that the features are installed, so that people who require assistance and people who do not can use the computer. Multiple users of the same computer can use their logon and password information to set preferences and desktop settings, including any accessibility features that they need.
NOTE
In both Accessibility Wizard and Control Panel, it is not a requirement to set multiple user profiles. You can specify public use or hot keys to open a feature at the logon prompt. All predefined settings are automatically reinstated the next time the user logs on.
Administrative Options
You can set administrative options for several features by using Accessibility Wizard or Accessibility Options in Control Panel. Settings you can make in both include automatic time-out, automatic reset, and default accessibility settings. However, to use settings on another computer, you must save settings to a file by using Accessibility Wizard. The time-out feature turns off accessibility functionality after the computer has been idle for a specified period of time. The operating system then returns to its default configuration.
NOTE
The automatic reset and automatic time-out features do not turn off the SerialKeys feature.
Customizing the Desktop
Desktop elements such as menus, toolbars, shortcuts, and status indicators are important to accessibility for users who must customize many features for daily operation. In Windows 2000 Professional, you can customize the desktop to create an uncluttered arrangement of needed navigational elements for quick access of applications and folders. To create customizable desktop schemes, in Control Panel, double-click the Display icon, and then click the Appearance tab.
Personalized Menus
Windows 2000 tracks which programs you frequently use and, by default, hides, the associated commands for any programs that you have not used for six days. Programs that are hidden are still accessible from the Start menu by pointing to Programs and then clicking the chevron-shaped down arrow at the bottom of the Programs menu.To turn off Personalized Menus
From the Start menu, point to Settings, and then click Taskbar & Start Menu.Click the General tab, then click the Use Personalized Menus check box to clear it.
Desktop Toolbars
Users can create their own desktop toolbars so that the toolbars contain frequently used commands and buttons. The ability to create custom desktop toolbars is most useful for people who prefer to use the mouse rather than the keyboard. Users who prefer the keyboard usually also prefer to add commands to the Start menu. Users can create desktop toolbars in the following ways:
Putting a toolbar in a handier place on a desktop or taskbar.Using Drag and Drop or SHIFT+F10 to move frequently used files and programs for quick access.Adding an address bar to the taskbar or to the desktop to give the user the ability to type an Internet address without first opening the browser.
To create a custom desktop toolbar
Create a folder with the appropriate documents, shortcuts, or programs.Display the shortcut menu for the taskbar by right-clicking the taskbar.- Or -Press CTRL+ESC, ESC, and then TAB, TAB. Then press SHIFT+F10.Point to Toolbars, and then click New Toolbar.Type the path to the appropriate folder, or select the folder from the displayed list. To display all the folders in a branch, a user can press the Right Arrow key. The new toolbar appears on the taskbar.
Start Menu Options
You can customize the Start menu and add shortcuts to programs to make the menu more efficient. To change Start menu options, point to Settings, then click Taskbar & Start Menu; and then click the Advanced tab. To add a shortcut to the Start menu, in Taskbar and Start Menu Properties, click Add, then follow the instructions in the Create Shortcut wizard. To add Start menu options, drag and drop program icons onto the Start button.
System Status Indicators
The ability to use the TAB key to move to the status indicators on the system status area of the taskbar (sometimes called the "system tray") is new in Windows 2000. These indicators, or icons, show the user whether MouseKeys or FilterKeys are active and the status of specified other programs or products. These status indicators replace the status indicator feature of Microsoft® Windows NT® 4.0 and earlier.For more detailed information about customizing the desktop, see "Customizing the Desktop and Working with Files and Folders" in this book.
Active Desktop
In addition to displaying intranet and Internet content, a user can personalize almost everything on the desktop with Active Desktop.To turn on Active Desktop
In Control Panel, double-click Folder Options, click the General tab, and then select the Enable Web content on my desktop check box in the Active Desktop menu.- Or -Right-click a blank area on the desktop, point to Active Desktop, and then select the Show Web content check box.- Or -In Control Panel, double-click Display, click the Web tab, and then select the Show Web Content on My Active Desktop check box.
You can use Active Desktop to add Web pages that contain active content to a desktop. To change desktop schemes, double-click the Display icon in Control Panel and then click the Appearance tab. In Active Desktop, navigation by using TAB and SHIFT+TAB from the Start button, selection rotates in the following order: Start, Quick Launch bar, Taskbar, desktop icons, channel bar, and then Start again.
Windows Explorer
Windows Explorer allows the user to navigate through desktop elements, such as taskbar icons, files, shortcut icons, and other objects that are on the network. This feature provides a consistent interface for all categories of objects and, for some users, can be an easier way to navigate to objects on the desktop than by using the mouse.For a list of Active Desktop and other shortcuts, see "Essential Keyboard Shortcuts" later in this appendix.
Utility Manager
Utility Manager allows faster access to some accessibility tools and also displays the status of the tools or devices that it controls. Utility Manager saves users time because an administrator can designate features to open when Windows 2000 starts. Utility Manager includes three built-in accessibility tools: Magnifier, Narrator, and On-Screen Keyboard.Although only administrators can customize Utility Manager, users can start or stop the tools. Users with administrator access can also set up additional applications or run programs that install an add-on device. A third-party vendor must supply the installer for the add-on device. For related, detailed information about third-party devices, refer to the specific third-party documentation.Although administrators have access to Utility Manager through the Start menu (under Programs/Accessories/Accessibility), it is also possible to use the WINDOWS LOGO key+U shortcut keys. Network policy settings might prevent opening Utility Manager through the Start menu if the computer is connected to a network.To have Utility Manager open when Windows 2000 starts
Open Utility Manager.In the Name column, select the program.Select Start automatically when Windows starts in the Options list box.
These options allow the administrator to designate immediate access for users who must have Narrator, Magnifier, or On-Screen Keyboard to operate the computer. This procedure can also open third-party devices when Windows starts if the vendor has supplied the installer for them.
