Applying Transparency
InDesign also lets you can make any page objectframes, lines, or imported graphicstransparent with the Transparency palette (under the Window menu or press Shift-F10). The two settings you can make here are Opacity and Blending Mode. To change a selected object's Opacity, choose an level of transparency by either entering a percentage or using the slider. The lower the value the more transparent the object becomes. Note that you can't change the opacity of individual charactersit's all the text in a frame or nothingso select text frames with the Selection tool to apply transparency.
Blending Modes
You can control how transparent objects blend with colors beneath them by choosing one of the blending modes within the Transparency palette. If you're familiar with Photoshop, you may already know these.
- Normal. At 100-percent opacity, the top color completely replaces the bottom colorthat is, transparency is turned off.
- Multiply. Darkens the base color by multiplying its values with those of the blend color. Multiplying dark colors results in the biggest changes; multiplying with white or Paper color causes no change. This mode is generally the best choice for drop shadows.
- Screen. Lightens the color by multiplying the inverse of the blend and base colors, an effect similar to projecting two slides on the same screen. Screening light colors results in the biggest changes; screening black results in no change.
- Overlay. Multiplies or screens the colors, depending on the base color, but tries to limit the effect so that highlights and shadows are preserved. Overlaying contrasting colors results in the biggest changes; overlaying 50-percent gray results in no change.
- Soft Light. Soft Light is like Overlay, but doesn't try to preserve highlight and shadow values. Applying black or white results in no change.
- Hard Light. Hard Light is like Soft Light but with more contrast.
- Color Dodge. Colorizes the base pixel using the blend pixel hue; light pixels are colorized more than dark pixels.
- Color Burn. Colorizes the base pixel using the blend pixel hue; dark pixels are colorized more than light pixels.
- Darken. Applies the darker of the base and blend colors, but only where the base color is lighter than the blend color. Where the base color is darker, pixels aren't changed.
- Lighten. Applies the lighter of the base and blend colors, but only where the base color is darker than the blend color. Where the base color is lighter, pixels aren't changed.
- Difference. Applies the color value that results from subtracting one color from another. Bigger differences between base and blend pixel colors increases the effect, but identical pixels result in black.
- Exclusion. A lower-contrast version of the Difference mode.
- Hue. Applies the base color's lightness and saturation and the blend color's hue.
- Saturation. Applies the base color's lightness and color and the blend color's saturation.
- Color. Applies the base color's lightness and the blend color's hue and saturation.
- Luminosity. Applies the base color's hue and saturation and the blend color's luminance. This mode creates the opposite effect of the Color mode.
If you're using spot colors, you can't use the Difference, Exclusion, Hue, Saturation, Color, and Luminosity modes. The color math that defines these modes won't create a printable result using spot colors.
Blend Options
If you select Show Options from the Transparency palette's flyout menu, you get two more checkboxes to play with.
- Isolate Blending. This limits the effect of grouped objects' individual blending modes to other objects within the group, without affecting objects behind the group. Outside the group, it's as if the Normal blending mode was assigned to the group. Isolate Blending has no effect to a blend mode applied to the group itself, or to objects where the Normal blend mode is applied. By default, this option is off and a blending mode applied to an object affects all objects behind it.
- Knockout Group. This limits the effect of grouped objects' individual blending modes to objects outside the group. Inside the group, the objects knock each other out as if the Normal blending mode was applied. It's the opposite of Isolate Blending.
Blend Space
When you blend objects using the Transparency command they are converted either to CMYK or RGB for display purposesyou can determine which color mode by selecting one from the Transparency Blend Space submenu (under the Edit menu). If you create documents for print, select the CMYK option. If you create InDesign documents for viewing online, select the RGB option.
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