In this exercise, you will learn what the Viewer is, how it works, and how to navigate around in it.The Viewer is your preview window. In it, you'll set Ins and Outs, modify transitions, adjust filters and effects, enter type, and create animations. Not, however, all in this lesson! Still, the Viewer is a highly flexible device that gives you plenty of control over your program.
NOTE | Larry's First Interface Rule of Final Cut Pro
Thinking about the Viewer brings to mind the first of my two interface rules for Final Cut Pro:Select something, then do something to it.Although this may not be as deep as "I think, therefore I am," it is the underlying method Final Cut uses to determine what you want to do. You select a clip and edit it to the Timeline. You select a clip and delete it. You select an edit point and add a transition. You select an audio clip and apply a filter. And so on.
NOTE | The Great "Mouse vs. Keyboard" Debate
I will confess right here near the beginning that I am a huge keyboard shortcuts fan; which is why you'll find at the end of each chapter a summary of relevant keyboard shortcuts for that chapter.On the other hand, I work with a very talented editor who does everything with the mouse. In fact, Ed does everything he can to avoid touching the keyboard.Fortunately, Final Cut is not so partisan. It doesn't particularly care if you edit using just the keyboard, just the mouse, or some combination of both. There are over 600 menu commands in Final Cut Pro. You can access them using menus, program them into keyboard shortcuts, or create individual mouse button shortcuts (which you'll learn how to do later in this chapter).My goal is to show you the options, then let you pick the one that works best for you.
[View full size image]This is the Viewer window, with the Video tab selected. Although there's a lot of depth here, for right now, you'll concentrate on general layout and navigation.
1.
Start by opening Chapter 02 Lesson, if it isn't already open.If you already have it open, chooseFile > Revert(and clickOKto accept losing all changes) to reopen the project to the condition it was in the last time it was saved.
2.
Look for the MCU to camera clip in the Browser. Load it into the Viewer by double-clicking it.
NOTE | Three Ways to Load a Clip into the Viewer
In order to view a clip or set Ins and Outs, you need to load it into the Viewer. Because loading clips is something you'll do hundreds of times in a project, Final Cut makes it easy by providing three ways to load a clip into the Viewer:
Double-click the clip name in the Browser. Click the clip name in the Browser, then press Return. Drag the clip from the Browser to the image section of the Viewer.
I've used all three, but I tend to be a double-clicker.
NOTE | Larry's Second Interface Rule of Final Cut Pro
Loading a clip into the Viewer reminds me of my second interface rule for Final Cut:Double-click something to load it into the Viewer.As you've just seen, double-clicking the name of a clip loads it from the Browser into the Viewer. Double-clicking also can do the following:
Load clips from the Timeline into the Viewer (see Chapter 4, "Build Your Story") Load edit points into the Trim Edit window (see Chapter 6, "Trim Your Story") Load transitions into the Transition Editor (see Chapter 8, "TransitionsMaking Change Beautiful")
The reason the Viewer is so important is that you use it to make changes to a clipwhether it's something as simple as resetting an In or an Out, or as complex as modifying a filter, the Viewer, and the tabs it contains.
[View full size image]The lower portion of the Viewer window contains the playback controls for a clip, which consist of the following:Playhead: The vertical black line with the yellow triangle on top is called the playhead, and it represents the width of a single frame. The frame the playhead is parked on, or playing over, or scrolling across, is shown in the image section of the Viewer. By sliding the playhead back and forth in the white horizontal space at the bottom of the clip (remember, clips can be video, audio, or both), you can view the entire contents of the clip.The look and operation of the playhead is identical in the Viewer, the Canvas, and the Timeline. The key point is that the vertical black line represents the frame being displayed in the window.Media limits: Chapter 6," Trim Your Story," and Chapter 8," TransitionsMaking Change Beautiful."Shuttle bar: The shuttle bar allows you to quickly scroll back and forth in your clip. The farther you move the bar from the center, the faster you go in that direction.Jog wheel: The jog wheel allows you to slowly move the playhead through a clip. You move it by dragging it left or right.[View full size image]Playback buttons: The playback buttons provide a series of specialized button shortcuts for playing the clip in the Viewer. The center button plays a clip from the location of the playhead. When a clip is playing, this button converts to a Stop button. dYou can also play a clip by pressing the spacebar. When a clip is playing the spacebar also stops it. The other buttons will be discussed more in Chapter 4," Build Your Story."
3.
Experiment with moving around in a clip:
Press the spacebar to play and stop the clip. Grab the playhead with the mouse and drag it around. Slide the shuttle bar to the left and right to fast forward and rewind through a clip. Turn the jog wheel to learn how to move a clip in slow motion.
4.
Experiment with the five buttons just below the image of the clip to see what they do:
Click the center button (the right-pointing arrow) to play a clip. Click it again to stop the playback. Click the leftmost button to jump to the beginning of a clip. Click the rightmost button to jump to the end of a clip. Chapter 4, "Build Your Story," when you see it also allows you to play a clip from the In to the Out.) Click the second button from the right to play a clip starting a few seconds before the playhead and ending a few seconds after the playhead. (You'll learn how to change the length of this pre-roll and post-roll in Chapter 4.)
But there are even more powerful tools you can use to play clips.
NOTE | Power Playback: The J-K-L Keys
In addition to the buttons and controls built in to the Viewer, there are three power keys that I use all the time. These are the J, K, and L keys. They have a variety of functions, depending upon how many times you press each key, as the following table illustrates:
J, K, and L Playback Control Keys
Press
What Happens
L
The clip plays forward from the location of the playhead.
K
The clip stops.
J
The clip plays backward from the location of the playhead.
L+L (press L twice)
The clip plays forward at double speed from the playhead.
L+L+L
The clip plays forward at 4x speed from the playhead.
J+J
The clip plays backward at double speed from the playhead.
J+J+J
The clip plays backward at 4x speed from the playhead.
K+L (hold down both)
The clip plays forward at about one-third normal speed from the playhead.
K+J (hold down both)
The clip plays backward at about one-third normal speed from the playhead.
Grab the playhead and slide it around. Notice how the timecode in the upper-right display changes as you move the playhead.
6.
Now, put the playhead in the middle of the clip. Double-click in the box in the top-right corner to select everything in it.
7.
Press the + key on your keypad or keyboard. If you are using a PowerBook, you'll need to press a special function key to access the keypad keys.Now, type 30 and press Enter.See how the playhead jumped forward a full second?
8.
Press the key on your keypad or keyboard. Type 45 and press Enter.See how the playhead jumped backward a second and a half?This capability to jump around in a clip is due to Final Cut using timecode to keep track of every frame of video. And you'll learn about timecode next.
9.
That's it for the moment. If you want to stop, choose File > Close Project and don't save your changes. Otherwise, leave everything right where it is and go on to the next section.