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Sharing an Internet Connection
To share one internet connection with every computer on a network, you have two options:Install a router. A router called a residential gateway by Microsoft but by no one else on the planetis a small box that has one jack that connects to a hub and another jack that connects to a DSL, cable, or dial-up modem. A router/hub (about $70) doubles as a hub, sharing the modem's bandwidth among multiple Ethernet ports that the network PCs connect to. A slightly more expensive router/switch gives the modem's full bandwidth to multiple computers simultaneously. In most cases, you're better off with a router than dealing with the limits of ICS (described next). A router is easy to install and configure, uses little power, lets any PC go online at any time, and has a built-in firewall. To the outside world, a router appears to be a computer, but one without programs and hard drives to attack or infect.Use Internet Connection Sharing (ICS). ICS is a built-in Windows feature that acts like a software router. It's free but difficult to configure. You must designate one computer as the host, or gateway, PC through which all internet traffic passes. For high-speed (broadband) internet connections, the host PC must have two Ethernet adapters: one that connects to the DSL or cable modem and one that connects to a hub. If the host PC is turned off, the other PCscalled clients can't go online. (See the sidebar in this section for more information.) Like a router, ICS works best with a high-speed internet connection, but a dial-up modem works acceptably.
