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Game Design Fundamentals
Games as Cultural Environment is the final schema in Rules of Play. In some ways, this chapter has brought us full circle. In the course of analyzing A.I., Seasons of Darkness, and Suspicion, we revisited many of the concepts that form the conceptual basis of the book as a whole. Below is a partial list of the game design concepts mentioned in this schema, in the order that they appear and the chapters where they were first introduced:
definition of games | Defining Games |
magic circle | The Magic Circle |
three kinds of rules | Rules on Three Levels |
lusory attitude | The Magic Circle |
open and closed systems | Systems |
metacommunication | Games as the Play of Meaning |
space of possibility | Interactivity |
core mechanics | Games as the Play of Experience |
emergent system | Games as Emergent Systems |
embedded narratives | Games as Narrative Play |
emergent narratives | Games as Narrative Play |
system environment | Systems |
the play community | Games as Social Play |
public and private information | Games as Systems of Information |
procedural representation | Games as the Play of Simulation |
open culture | Games as Open Culture |
player-as-producer paradigm | Games as Open Culture |
safety and trust | Games as Social Play |
second-order design | Games as the Play of Experience |
conflict | Games as Systems of Conflict |
making sense of meaning | Games as the Play of Meaning |
free play | transformative play | Defining Play |
cultural rhetorics | Games as Cultural Rhetoric |
cultural resistance | Games as Cultural Resistance |
forbidden play | Games as Social Play |
There are many concepts we didn't mention in the course of these analyses. But a comprehensive overview was not the intention of our review. Our purpose was to demonstrate how a suite of fundamental game design concepts work together to build a full understanding of the operation of a complex game. Comprehending a game requires more than simply selecting a schema and applying it in isolation to a game design problem. The intricate operation of a game can only be fully appreciated when you take a multifaceted approach, combining many points of view, strategically constructing your analysis in order to solve the problem at hand. In this chapter, we were specifically looking at games as cultural environments. But in order to do so, it was necessary to make extensive use of ideas from the RULES, PLAY, and CULTURE of games.
