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Index
O
object interactions, 160–162, 170
context-dependence, 162, 170
coupled, 162, 170
specificity, 166
objective information, 208, 211
Oddworld: Abe’s Exoddus, 378
Once Upon a Time, 540
open culturebasic concepts, 538
and current events, 581
exercise, 17
game systems, 546–550
and magic circle, 552
player-as-producer, 539–544, 550–551
source software, 544–546
Ultima Online example, 538–539
open-ended games, 83, 538–546, 552
Open Source Game Systems (exercise), 17
open source software, 544–546
operant conditioning, 344–350, 361
operational rules, 130
in Chutes and Ladders, 130
and constituative rules, 132–133, 135–136, 139
in digital games, 147, 149
and implicit rules, 133–134, 139
Othello, 223
outcome(s)and action, 354
combined (probability), 177–179
and cutscenes, 410–411
of decisions, 174–175, 189
discernability, 354
favorable, 186
and game definition, 80
and game theory, 237–238, 245
goals, 258
in puzzles, 80–81
quantification, 80, 238, 259
in role-playing games, 81–82, 83
and rules, 103
in zero-sum games, 240
