If a game is framed as a system, it is clear that the game's physical medium is an important element of the game, but does not constitute the entire system. Digital technology should not be emphasized as an end in itself, but instead should be understood as one element in a larger designed system.
There are four traits that summarize the special qualities of digital games. These traits are also present in non-digital games, but digital games generally embody them more robustly: Trait 1: Immediate but narrow interactivity Trait 2: Manipulation of information Trait 3: Automated complex systems Trait 4: Networked communication
The underlying properties of games and the core challenges of game design hold true regardless of the medium in which a game manifests.